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作 者 ：唐泽民,雷廷武,张晴雯,赵军

期 刊 ：生态学报 2002年 22卷 5期 页码：674~681

关键词：封闭和结皮；PAM；结构；入渗；

Keywords:seal and crust, polyacrylamide, structure, infiltration,

摘 要 ：封闭、结皮是土壤表面水土相互作用的结果 ,能显著减少土壤入渗、降低水资源的利用率 ;增加地表径流并导致土壤侵蚀。为深入理解封闭的作用过程和结皮的形成 ,利用 PAM能缓解封闭作用并抑制结皮形成的特性 ,进行了一系列的人工降雨模拟试验 ,试验采用 3个重复 ,包括 3个雨强 ( 5 0 mm/ h、1 0 0 mm/ h和 1 5 0 mm/ h)、4个坡度 ( 8.74 %、1 7.6 3%、36 .4 %和 4 6 .6 3% )和 3个 PAM覆盖率 ( 80 %、6 0 %和 4 0 % )。通过对比土壤表面的电子扫描显微镜 ( SEM)照片 ,可以认为土壤结皮是由结构结皮和沉积结皮构成 ,入渗量与时间的历时曲线反映了结皮的 4个形成过程。

Abstract:Soil seals and crusts are formed at the surface of soil due to the impacts of raindrops and break of aggregates. Soil seals and crusts can significantly reduce soil infiltration rate and subsequently low the utilization of water resources, and increase runoff, which result in soil erosion. Study of the processes of seals and formation of crusts is of very importance to understand the interrelations of runoff, infiltration, and soil erosion under rainstorms. The objectives of this study were for better under...

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