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作 者 ：侯继华,周道玮,姜世成

期 刊 ：生态学报 2002年 22卷 10期 页码：1781~1791

关键词：蚂蚁；优势种；蚁丘；分布格局；

Keywords:ant, dominant species, anthill, spatial pattern,

摘 要 ：在吉林西部草原地区蚂蚁是大型土壤动物的优势类群 ,数量巨大 ,但种类少 ,仅发现 3亚科 9属 1 4种。放牧场、撂荒地、农田、人工林、乡间土路、院落 6种生境中分布最多的蚂蚁是红林蚁和铺道蚁 ,撂荒地和人工林的蚂蚁种类和巢口密度最大。在割草场分布的蚂蚁主要是玉米毛蚁、黄墩蚁和铺道蚁 ,它们均修建明显的地上蚁丘 ,蚁丘呈环带状分布 ,即主要分布在草地与碱斑的交界处 ,并且从草场边缘向中心 ,蚁丘的数量逐渐减少。利用拥挤度指数对蚁丘的分布格局进行分析 ,表明蚁丘呈聚集分布 ,并对可能影响蚁巢分布的因素进行了探讨。

Abstract:The species composition and distribution of ants were investigated on Changling Studhorse Farm in Jilin,located in the south of Songnen Plain where ants were the dominant species among fauna in the soil large-size. The sampling areas were classified into seven categories: grazing-land, old-field, farmland, Populus spp. plantation, country pathway, yard and mowing-grassland. Fourteen of ant species found in these habitats, belonging to 9 genera and 3 subfamilies, were Tetramorium caespitum (L.), Messor ...

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