Abstract:The specificity of the relationship between fig species and their particular agaonine pollinators (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea Agaonidae) has long been regarded as the extreme example of co-evolution. The maintenance of the fig-fig wasp mutualism system is strongly dependent on the chemical orientation of pollinating fig wasps using fig volatiles. The pollinating fig wasps trace the fig volatiles of their particular host and enter the figs at receptive phase (female flower phase) only, where they oviposit for...