Abstract:The authers briefly review the development of ecological modeling and mathematical ecology in 20 th century.The hot spots of future studies as follows:(1)Nonlinear dynamics of population and ecosystem;(2)The spatio temporal dynamics of population,including metapopulation dynamics,source sink theory and population responses in space and time;(3)The relation between diversity and stability;(4)The dynamic models of behaviour;(5)the individual based model.The theory of chaos tells us that general law of d...