Abstract:For establishment of marker-assisted selection (MAS) system for breeding rice varieties with high resistant starch content, Jiangtangdao 1 was used as a high RS donor parent and crossed with three high yield rice varieties Miyang23, Xiushui123 and Hudao55 respectively. Grain chalkiness, amylose content (AC) and functional marker (CAPS/SpeI) we used as assistant markers for high RS content selection in the early generation. The results showed that grain chalkiness characteristics were positively correlated with RS content. Most of low RS content plants could be eliminated according to chalkiness degree and high chalky grain percentage. The high RS homozygous plants could be precisely identified by further utilization of a functional marker CAPS/SpeI of sbe3-rs. Through continuous self-fertilization and marker-assisted selection (MAS), three rice varieties RS23, RS123 and RS55 with high yield, good quality and high RS content were bred. In conclusion, it is feasible to efficiently eliminate most of low RS-content plants in early generations by choosing seeds with high chalkiness characteristics, moreover, the combination of utilization a functional marker could significantly improve the selection efficiency and accuracy. In this study, an efficient MAS system for breeding of high RS content rice varieties was established which paved the way for providing new theoretical basis and materials for RS breeding in the future.