Abstract:Genetic diversity of 24 geographic provenances of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) was analysed by ISSR (Inter-simple sequence repeat) markers. Twenty-two primers were screened from 100 ISSR primers. 188 DNA bands were amplified from 24 provenances of Chinese fir, 173 bands of which belonged to polymorphic bands, account for 92.0％. The effective number of alleles (Ne) was 1.3408，Nei’s index of genetic diversity was 0.2154 and Shannon’s index of polymorphic information was 0.3458. It indicated that the different geographic provenances of Chinese fir had higher genetic diversity. Twenty-four provenances of Chinese fir were divided into five groups by UPGMA cluster analysis: Eastern Area Ecotype in Middle Zone, Southeastern Area Ecotype in Middle Zone, Middle Area Ecotype in Middle Zone, Southern Zone Ecotype, Northern Zone Ecotype. This showed that the genetic distances of different geographic provenances of Chinese fir present regular geographical distribution.