Abstract:Based on the study of Gentianaceae specimens from South China, Canscora andrographioides auct. non Griff. ex Clarke (Flora Hainanica 3:432, 1974) is corrected to be Centaurium pulchellum (Swartz) Druce var. altaicum (Griseb.) Kitag‘.et Hara, and Swertia angustifolia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don var. pulchella (D. Don) Burk. is regarded.as a new synonym of S. angustifolia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don. Five new records, viz. Gentiana moniliformis Marq., G. panthaica Prain et Burk., Swertia shinenensis Hayata, Tripterospermum cordatum (Marq.) H. Smith and T.lanceolatum (Hayata) Hara et Satake, are reported in this paper.