摘 要 ：观察了沙芥属（Pugionium Gaertn.）3个种：沙芥（P.cornutum (L.)Gaertn.），距果沙芥（P.calcaratum Kom.）和斧翅沙芥（P.dolatum Maxim. var. dolabratum）的子叶和真叶表皮特征及气孔指标，并进行了差异显著性分析。结果表明：沙芥属植物表皮形状多为无规则形，上、下表皮均具有气孔，气孔类型均为不等细胞型。气孔保卫细胞呈肾形，内壁加厚，但加厚程度不同，斧翅沙芥＞距果沙芥＞沙芥。气孔缝呈纺锤形，气孔均下陷；气孔日开闭规律均呈双峰曲线。斧翅沙芥和距果沙芥的气孔性状具有较大的相似性，但这两个种与沙芥的气孔性状存在明显差异，说明沙芥属植物叶片气孔稳定性状和形态可以作为种质资源鉴定和评价的重要微观特征。
Abstract:Conducted with light microscope,the epiderdermal and dermal features as well as the stomata index were investigated in 3 species in Pugionium Gaertn.—P.cornutum (L.) Gaertn.,P.calcaratum Kom. and P.dolatum Maxim. var. dolabratum,and the significant tests for data were carried out. The showed that in Pugionium Gaertn.,the epidermal cells are anomo-shaped, and stomata distribute in both the upper epidermis and the lower epidermis ,which are anisocytic type. The guard cells are kidney shaped and the inner cell walls are thickened to different degrees: P.dolatum Maxim. var. dolabratum＞P.calcaratum Kom.＞P.cornutum (L.) Gaertn.. The stomata are spindle shaped and sink as well.The stomata make and break showed a two-kurtosis carve in 3 species in a day. The stomata characters are very similar in P.calcaratum Kom. and P.dolatum Maxim. var. dolabratum,but shows a significant difference in P.cornutum (L.) Gaertn.,which indicate that microcosmic characters such as the stable stomata characters and its morphology could be important features in determing and evaluating genetic resources.