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期 刊 ：植物保护学报 2009年

关键词：无机化合物；南方根结线虫；趋性；孵化；存活；

Keywords:inorganic compound, Meloidogyne incognita, chemotaxis, hatch, survival,

摘 要 ：利用体外生物测定方法,研究常见无机化合物对南方根结线虫Meloidogyne incognita 2龄幼虫(J₂)存活、趋性以及卵囊内卵孵化的影响。结果表明,不同化合物不同浓度处理对M.incognita的影响差异显著。随着无机化合物浓度的增加,J₂死亡率上升, NH₄HCO₃、Na₂SO₄、CuCl₂·2H₂O、CuSO₄·5H₂O和FeCl₃·6H₂O浓度分别为0.03、0.03、0.0003、0.0004和0.0007 mol/L即可抑制其存活。除Cu²⁺化合物外,其它无机化合物在供试浓度下均对卵囊内卵的孵化有明显抑制作用。含Ca²⁺化合物均对南方根结线虫J₂有吸引作用,而含NH₄⁺的NH₄HCO₃和NH₄NO₃对J₂排斥。除碳酸氢铵LC₉₀抑制种子萌发外,其它化合物对番茄种子萌发无抑制作用,但对后期幼根的伸长有抑制作用。盆栽试验结果显示,CuSO₄·5H₂O防治效果最佳,在LC₅₀处理下与对照相比防效可达70.8%。

Abstract:The effects of common inorganic compounds on survival, chemotaxis and hatching of Meloidogyne incognita juveniles (J₂) were assessed using in vitro bioassays. The results revealed that the dissimilar inorganic compounds significantly influenced the behavior of J₂ at different concentrations. With the increase in the concentration of inorganic compounds, the mortality of J₂ increased significantly, wherein NH₄HCO₃, Na₂SO₄, CuCl₂·2H₂O, CuSO₄·5H₂O and FeCl₃·6H₂O were the more effective and could inhibit J₂ survival at lower concentration such as 0.03, 0.03, 0.0003, 0.0004 and 0.0007 mol/L, respectively. Inorganic compounds inhibited eggs hatching in the oocyst under LC₅₀ but containing Cu²⁺ compounds. All compounds contained Ca²⁺ were attractive, meanwhile, those compounds contained NH₄HCO₃ and NH₄NO₃ were repellent to J₂ of M.incognita. All compounds had no inhibitory effect to tomato seed germination except for roots elongation in the latter stage but NH₄HCO₃ at LC₉₀. Pot experiment indicated that CuSO₄·5H₂O was the most effective for controlling M.incognita as up to 70.8% at LC₅₀ compared with control.

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