Abstract:To definite the condition of the Fusarium mycotoxins’ distribution and pollution in wheat, ELISA kits prepared from mycotoxins specific antibodies was used to determine the content of deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisin, T-2 and zearalenone (ZON) mycotoxins in 183 winter wheat cultivars (or lines) and 46 spring wheat cultivars (or lines) from different wheat growing areas in China, and comparative analysis of the content and contamination rate of the four Fusarium mycotoxins was conducted. The results showed that the contamination of the Fusarium mycotoxins in wheat grains was widely distributed but low content according with national standards at the natural infection level. Deoxynivalenol (DON) mycotoxin was major mycotoxin in four Fusarium mycotoxins with the average concentration of 73.87μg/kg. The DON, fumonisin and T-2 mycotoxins in different wheat growing areas existed significant differences (P<0.01) but zearalenone (ZON) mycotoxin was not (P>0.05). The total content of four Fusarium mycotoxins in the northeast late-maturing spring wheat areas, the winter wheat areas of the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River, and the wetland winter wheat areas in south of Huanghuai regions was higher than that in other wheat growing areas. The contamination rate of DON and ZON mycotoxins in all the groups were significant differences (P<0.01) while the fumonisin and T-2 mycotoxins were not significant differences (P>0.05). Either DON content or contamination rate in the northeast late-maturing spring wheat areas was highest in all of the groups.