Abstract:Four antagonistic bacteria strains, OR-1, OR-2, OR-3 and ON-6, which were isolated and screened from soil under litchi trees and identified as Bacillus subtilis morphologically and molecularly, were used to evaluate the control effect on downy mildew and anthracnose diseases of harvested litchi fruits. The results showed that all 4 strains had obvious inhibiting action on mycelial growth of Peronophythora litchii and Colletrichum gloeosporiodes, among them, ON-6 strain had the highest inhibitory rate to mycelial growth of two litchi pathogenic fungi, the ratio were 92.34% and 70.36% respectively; the next best was ON-1, its ratio were 82.93% and 54.61% severally. The browning index of the four strains treatment groups was lower than that of the control group and fungicide groups significantly (P<0.05), in which OR-1strain had the best impact. Metabolites of four B.subtilis strains had a better effect in pre-venting P.litchii and C.gloeosporiodes on the surface of fresh fruits than those of CK group and fungicide groups at room temperature for 3-4 d or at 4 ℃ for 40 d significantly (P<0.05), which ON-6 strain showed best at room temperature, likewise, ON-6 and ON-3 strains showed best at 4 ℃, indicated that the four B.subtilis strains could inhibit litchi pathogenic fungi on the surface of fruits determinately, and extend the period of storage and delay the fresh fruits to brown stain at room temperature or at 4 ℃.