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期 刊 ：植物保护学报 2008年

关键词：UV辐射；植物病原菌；光生物学效应；寄主植物；植物病害；

Keywords:UV-radiation, plant pathogen, photobiological response, host plant, plant disease,

摘 要 ：紫外(UV)辐射作用于"病菌-植物"病害系统影响植物病害的发生发展,主要包括两个方面:一是UV辐射对植物病原菌孢子的萌发、芽管伸长、菌丝生长等光生物学效应,不同种属的菌种对UV辐射存在不同的响应机制;二是寄主植物从形态、生理生化等方面对UV 作出响应,导致植物的抗病性发生变化。研究证实,中、短波UV辐射可抑制病菌孢子萌发,减少病害的发病率;长波UV辐射对病菌孢子的萌发有诱导作用,可提高病害发病率。根据UV辐射水平、病菌侵染程度及植物抗性品种等因素的影响,UV辐射对不同植物病害系统也存在不同的作用机制。该文作者就近年来国内外有关辐射对植物病害影响的研究进展进行综述。

Abstract:The UV-radiation acting on "pathogen-plant" pathosystems effects the development of plant diseases, mainly includes the two aspects: the first one is the photobiological response of plant pathogens to UV-radiation on the spore germination, germ tube extension and hyphal development, different species of pathogens have different response mechanisms to UV-radiation; secondly, host plants can make responses to UV-radiation on modality, physiology and biochemistry, resulting in the changes of disease resistance. The researches confirm that medium and short wave of UV-radiation can control the spore germination, decrease the incidence of plant diseases; long wave of UV-radiation can induce the spore germination, increase the incidence of plant diseases. According to the factors of UV-radiation level, the degree of pathogen infection, and resistant varieties of plant, UV-radiation have different acting mechanisms to different pathosystems. The writer of this paper reviewed the influence of UV-radiation on plant diseases depending on the domestic and overseas researches in recent years.

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