Abstract:For discussing the antagonistic mechanism of the high efficient endophytic bacteria to control the root rot disease of Camellia oleifera caused by Fusarium proliferatum, we isolated the endophytic bacteria from healthy roots, stems, leaves and fruits of C.oleifera plants, screened the high efficient endophytic bacteria against Fusarium proliferatum by the plate confrontation tests and inhibition spectrum tests, and then identified the strain according to the characteristics of morphology, physiology and biochemistry tests and 16S rRNA sequence analysis. The results showed that: 75 endophytic bacterial strains were isolated from different parts of C.oleifera plants. Eighteen strains had antifungal activity to against of F.proliferatum, and there were 6 strains including R6, the semidiameter of inhibition zone were more than 5mm. These 6 strains had strong antifungal activities to 6 plant pathogenic fungi such as F.proliferatum, etc. R6 strain showed the highest antifungal activity, of its semidiameter of inhibition zone had reached over to 10 mm. By morphologic, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA sequence analysis, the strain R6 was identified as Bacillus subtilis.