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期 刊 ：植物保护学报 2005年

关键词：亚洲玉米螟；地理种群；过冷却点；抗寒能力；

Keywords:Ostrinia furnacalis, geographic populations, supercooling point, cold hardiness,

摘 要 ：利用改进的昆虫过冷却点测试仪(最低测试温度由-24℃拓宽为-35℃)系统地研究了亚洲玉米螟, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée)不同地理种群非滞育和滞育幼虫的抗寒能力。结果表明:滞育和非滞育幼虫的过冷却点和结冰点随种群分布的地理经、纬度的升高而降低,北方种群抗寒力明显强于南方种群。12个亚洲玉米螟种群中, 以新疆石河子种群滞育幼虫的过冷却点最低,平均为-24.33℃;黑龙江鸡西、辽宁沈阳、吉林敦化、内蒙赤峰、山西应县和河北涿鹿种群的过冷却点次低,平均在-23.84~-23.15℃之间;河北衡水、山东菏泽、陕西户县和四川青神种群的过冷却点较高,平均在-22.68~-22.15℃之间;而广东广州种群的过冷却点最高,平均为-21.84℃。同一地理种群滞育幼虫的过冷却点显著低于非滞育幼虫。低温生存能力测定表明,滞育幼虫耐低温能力强于非滞育幼虫,北方种群的耐低温能力明显强于南方种群。

Abstract:The supercooling point (SCP), freezing points (FP) and low temperature survival were tested on diapaused and non-diapaused larvae of 12 geographic populations of Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), from China. The lowest temperature of SCP apparatus was improved from -24℃ to -35℃. The results indicated that the SCPs and FPs of ACB geographic populations decreased from -21.84℃ to -24.33℃ and -3.95℃ to -8.10℃, respectively, with the increasing of the geographic latitude. The longest median lethal times (LT₅₀) were found in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang populations and the shortest LT₅₀ were found in Guangdong populations at the tested temperatures of -25℃, -20℃, -15℃, -10℃ and 0℃, separately. There were significant differences in SCPs, FPs and LT₅₀ between diapaused and non-diapaused larvae in the same geographic population. It is suggested that the ACB populations from northern region have stronger cold tolerance ability than those from southern region, and the diapaused larvae could survive at lower temperature than non-diapaused larvae.

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