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作 者 ：曹胜彪 张吉旺 董树亭 刘鹏 赵斌 杨今胜

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2012年 18卷 6期 页码：1343-1353

关键词：高产夏玉米；施氮量；种植密度；产量；氮素利用率；

Keywords:high-yield summer maize, nitrogen rate, planting density, grain yield, nitrogen utilization efficiency,

摘 要 ：选用DH661和ZD958为试验材料，设置0、120、240、360 kg/hm² 4个施氮水平和60000、75000、90000株/hm² 3个种植密度，研究了施氮量和种植密度对高产夏玉米产量和氮素利用效率的影响。结果表明，与低密度60000 株/hm²相比，增施氮肥可显著增加90000株/hm²高密度下玉米的单株干物质积累量、群体干物质积累量、籽粒产量、总氮素积累量、氮素转运量。90000万株/hm²种植密度条件下，随施氮量增加，氮素转运效率及贡献率呈上升趋势，而氮肥偏生产力、氮肥农学效率、氮肥利用率呈下降趋势。本试验条件下，适量增施氮肥可以显著提高高种植密度下玉米的籽粒产量和氮素利用效率。综合考虑产量和氮素利用效率两因素，ZD958和DH661两品种获得高产适宜的种植密度为90000株/hm²，施氮量为240360 kg/hm²。

Abstract: Two summer maize cultivars, DH661 and ZD958, were used as experiment materials to study the effects of different nitrogen rates (N 0 kg/ha, 120 kg/ha, 240 kg/ha and 360 kg/ha) and planting densities (60000 plant/ha, 75000 plant/ha, and 90000 plant/ha) on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of summer maize under the field condition. The results show that compared with the 60000 plant/ha，the increase of nitrogen rate could increase the dry matter accumulation amount per plant, biomass, grain yield, total nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen transition rate and nitrogen transition efficiency of maize. The contribution proportion of nitrogen is increased with the increase of the nitrogen rate, while the nitrogen partial factor productivity, nitrogen agronomy efficiency and nitrogen recovery efficiency are decreased. In conclusion, under this experimental field condition, the increase of the nitrogen rate could improve grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency in higher planting density. As far as the grain yield and nitrogen efficiency are concerned, the most optimal plant density and nitrogen rate are both 90000 plant/ha and N 240-360 kg/ha, respectively.

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