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作 者 ：许俊香, 谷佳林, 边秀举, 倪小会, 杨俊刚, 李会彬, 曹兵

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2010年 16卷 3期 页码：675-680

关键词：控释复合肥；冷季型草坪；氨挥发；硝态氮淋洗；

Keywords:controlled release compound fertilizer, cool-season turfgrass, ammonia volatilization, nitrate leaching,

摘 要 ：通过田间试验，研究了控释复合肥、常规施肥、市售草坪专用肥对冷季型草坪氨挥发和硝态氮淋洗的影响。氨挥发采用通气密闭法收集测定，硝态氮利用土壤溶液提取器收集淋洗液然后进行测定。结果表明，常规施肥处理的氨挥发量为47.7 kg/hm²（占年施氮量的18.3%），显著高于控释复合肥处理（氨挥发损失为2.9 kg/hm²，占年施氮量的1.1%）和市售草坪专用肥处理（氨挥发损失为4.1 kg/hm²，占年施氮量的1.6%）。施氮不同程度增加了淋洗液中硝态氮的浓度，3种氮肥的硝态氮淋洗程度不同。0—50 cm土层，淋洗液的硝态氮浓度范围分别是： 控释复合肥处理1.1～6.7 mg/L, 常规施肥处理1.2～10.1 mg/L，市售草坪专用肥处理1.5～16.7 mg/L； 0—100 cm土层，淋洗液的硝态氮浓度范围分别是： 控释复合肥处理1.1～5.7 mg/L，常规施肥处理1.1～12.5 mg/L，市售草坪专用肥处理1.1～6.2 mg/L。综上所述，控释复合肥降低了冷季型草坪氨挥发损失和硝态氮的淋洗，表现出明显的环境效益，是一种有应用前景的新型肥料。

Abstract:Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different N types (including controlled release compound fertilizer (PCF), urea (U) and special turfgrass fertilizer (SF)) on ammonia volatilization and nitrate leaching in a cool-season turfgrass system. Ammonia volatilization was measured by using the enclosure method, and nitrate leaching was measured by using the soil solution extractor method. Results showed that ammonia volatilization amount of the U treatment was 47.7 kilogram per hectare (18.3% of the applied N), which was significantly higher than those of the PCF (2.9 kilogram per hectare, 1.1 % of the applied N) and SF treatments (4.1 kilogram per hectare, 1.6% of the applied N). N application increased the concentration of nitrate in the soil solution. In 0-50 cm soil depth, NO^-₃-N concentration of the PCF, U and SF treatments were 1.1-6.7 mg/L, 1.2-10.1 mg/L and 1.5-16.7 mg/L, respectively, while in 0-100 cm soil depth, the corresponding values were 1.1-5.7 mg/L, 1.1-12.5 mg/L and 1.1-6.2 mg/L, respectively. In conclusion, in comparison to urea and special turfgrass fertilizer, controlled release compound fertilizer can effectively reduce ammonia volatilization and nitrate leaching, showing an enormous ecological and environmental benefit. Thus, it is a new potential fertilizer which will bring prospects of application.

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