作 者 ：潘福霞, 鲁剑巍, 刘威, 耿明建, 李小坤, 曹卫东
期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2011年 17卷 1期 页码：216-223
Keywords:common vetch (Vicia sativas L.), Chinese trumpet creeper (Vicia villosa Roth. Var.), Lathyrus quinquenervius (Lathyrus palustris L. Var. Pilosus ledeb), decomposition c,
摘 要 ：利用网袋法模拟研究旱地条件下箭筈豌豆（Vicia sativas L.）、苕子（Vicia villosa Roth. Var.）、山黧豆（Lathyrus palustris L. Var. Pilosus ledeb） 三种绿肥的腐解和养分释放特征。结果表明，三种绿肥均在翻压15 d内腐解较快，腐解率均在50%以上，之后腐解速率逐渐减慢，翻压70 d时，箭筈豌豆、苕子和山黧豆的累积腐解率分别达71.7%、67.3%和74.1%。氮和钾在翻压10 d内释放较快，碳和磷在翻压15 d内释放较快，之后释放速率均减慢。箭筈豌豆、苕子和山黧豆在翻压70 d时的碳累积释放率分别为71.3%、67.0%和74.1%。三种绿肥的养分累积释放率均是K>P>N，在翻压70 d时钾的累积释放率均在90%以上，磷的累积释放率为73.3%～78.7%，氮的累积释放率为59.9%～71.2%，其中山黧豆的氮和磷累积释放率高于箭筈豌豆和苕子，而三种绿肥钾的累积释放率无显著差异。养分释放量结果表明，箭筈豌豆和苕子的养分累积释放量表现为K>N>P，而山黧豆表现为N>K>P，不同绿肥的养分累积释放量不同，山黧豆的氮累积释放量最高，箭筈豌豆的磷和钾累积释放量最高，苕子各养分的累积释放量都最低。
Abstract:Green manure is a universal organic fertilizer. Returning the green manure to farmland has been suggested to improve overall soil conditions and to support the agricultural sustainable development. There are many winter fallow fields in south of China, which can be used to plant green manure crops. Common vetch (Vicia sativas L.), Chinese trumpet creeper (Vicia villosa Roth. Var.) and Lathyrus quinquenervius (Lathyrus palustris L. Var. Pilosus ledeb) are the three most popular kinds of leguminous green manure crops, which can be planted extensively in poor soil, especially in drought and low temperature regions. This paper studied the characteristics of decomposing and nutrients releasing of the three kinds of green manure crops by using the method of nylon net bag. The results indicated that the three green manure crops were decomposed fast in the first 15 days after incubation, and the rate of decomposition was more than 50%, then decomposed slowly. The decomposition rate of the common vetch(CV), Chinese trumpet creeper(CTC) and Lathyrus quinquenervius(LQ) were 71.7%, 67.3% and 74.1% at the end of the experiment respectively. Nitrogen(N) and potassium(K) released fast during the first 10 days, while carbon(C) and phosphorus (P) released fast in the first 15 days, then they were all released slowly until the end of experiment. After 70 days incubation, the carbon release rate of the CV, CTC and LQ were 71.3%, 67.0% and 74.1%, respectively. The nutrients release rate of the three green manure was K>P>N, while the K release rate of the three green manure was more than 90%, P release rate was 73.3%-78.7%, N release rate was 59.9%-71.2% after 70 days incubation. The N and P release rates of the LQ were higher than CV and CTC; however, there were no significant difference in K release rate among the three green manure crops. The results also showed that the nutrients release amount of CV and CTC were C>K>N>P, while LQ was C>N>K>P. Nutrients release amount of three green manure crops were different, the release amount of N and C of the LQ were greatest, the release amount of P and K of the CV were highest, all the nutrients release amount of the CTC were the lowest.
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