豆科牧草与禾本科牧草混播是提高饲草产量和品质的重要措施。在低氮条件下比较分析12种燕麦与箭筈豌豆不同间作与混播模式对饲草产量和品质的影响。研究结果表明，燕麦蜡熟期与箭筈豌豆枯黄期混合饲草产量和粗蛋白产量最高。所有处理中H7（燕麦与箭筈豌豆3∶1间作）干物质产量和粗蛋白产量最高，土地利用率提高了76%。其中干物质产量在灌浆期比单播燕麦增产47%，蜡熟期增产40%；粗蛋白产量在灌浆期分别比单播燕麦和箭筈豌豆增产52.6%和2.6%；在蜡熟期增产97.2%和103.2%，均显著高于单播燕麦和单播箭筈豌豆（P<0.05）。同行混播各处理干物质产量均显著高于单播燕麦和单播箭筈豌豆（P<0.05），且同行混播各处理之间并无显著差异；粗蛋白产量在2次刈割期H9（燕麦与箭筈豌豆1∶2混播）较高，土地利用率与单作相比提高了51%。间作混播处理有利于提高混合草的RFV值，与单播燕麦相比间混作提高饲草RFV值的幅度为0.3%~22.7%。综合全年牧草的产量、品质以及土地当量比分析，燕麦与箭筈豌豆3∶1的间作种植模式最好，能更好地发挥燕麦和箭豆的种间互补优势，获得较高的干物质产量，说明间作增产可能与燕麦和箭筈豌豆田间带距和行比的合理搭配有关。
It is an important measure of intercropping and mixture modes of oat and common vetch to increase forage yield and quality. The experiment was carried out to study the effects of different intercropping and mixture modes on forage yield and quality of oat and common vetch under low soil nitrogen environment in Yanqing County of Beijing. The results indicated the forage yield and quality of oat and common vetch were the highest during the oat dough stage and common vetch scorch stage by comparing and analyzing 12 different modes. Compared with oat monoculture, the best planting mode was intercropping of oat and common vetch at 3:1 by which the land utilization ratio (LER） increased by 76%. Dry forage yield was increased by 47% in milking stage and 40% in dough stage. Forage nitrogen yield was also enhanced by 52.6% than oat monoculture and 2.6% than common vetch in milking stage and 97.2% and 103.2% in dough stage, which have been notably differentiated in monoculture（P<0.05）.The dry forage yield in mixture was higher than in monoculture (P<0.05), but have no notably difference in these treatments. Forage nitrogen yield was highest in the mixture of oat and common vetch at 1:2 in two harvest time and LER was increased by 51%. Intercropping and mixture of oat and common vetch can increase 0.3%–22.7% RFV than monoculture. Combined with forage yield, quality, and LER, the best intercropping mode is oat and common vetch at 3:1. The increased forage yield might be related with reasonable row proportion and strap distance in the intercropping.
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