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作 者 ：李进平, 谢志坚, 涂书新, 许汝冰, 陈振国, 王学龙, 曹仕明, 李建平, 于洋, 张允政

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2010年 16卷 3期 页码：714-719

关键词：烤烟；移栽期；氮肥；烟碱；15N示踪；

Keywords:flue-curedtobacco, transplantingdate, nitrogenfertilizer, nicotine, 15Ntracing,

摘 要 ：采用田间试验与¹⁵N同位素示踪微区试验，在湖北襄樊植烟生态区老湾村（N 31°27′, E 111°14′, 海拔1130 m ）研究了3个不同移栽期和施用氮肥对烤烟烟碱含量和烟碱氮素来源的影响。研究结果表明，与5月5日移栽相比，推迟移栽期至5月15日～25日，烟碱含量、烟碱氮占总氮比例以及烟碱肥料氮比例分别平均增加10%～85%、5%～110%和21%～56%； 与不施氮相比，施用氮肥提高烟碱含量12%～59%，提高烟碱氮占总氮比例5%～127%。烤烟烟碱氮占总氮的比例随生育进程逐渐增加，而各部位烟叶烟碱肥料氮比例随生育进程和叶位上升逐渐下降。土壤氮是烟碱氮的主要来源，对烟叶烟碱含量有决定性影响。结果说明在当地条件下，控施氮肥和适当提前移栽期更有利于降低烟叶（尤其是中、上部叶）中的烟碱含量。

Abstract:In order to investigate the effects of transplanting date (5th May, 15th May, 25th May) of flue-cured tobacco (FCT) seedlings and nitrogen fertilization on nicotine synthesis and sources of nicotine N of FCT, a field experiment with ¹⁵N isotope tracing micro-plots was carried out in Laowan (N 31°27′, E 111°14′, 1130 m above sea level), a main tobacco production area of Xiangfan city, Hubei province. The results showed that, compared with the transplanting date of 5th May, postponing the transplanting date to 15th-25th May increased the nicotine concentrations, the proportion of nicotine N to total N, and the proportion of nicotine fertilizer N in organs of FCT plants by 10%-85%, 5%-110%, and 21%-56%, respectively. Applying N fertilizer significantly increased the nicotine concentration and the proportion of nicotine N to total N by 12%-59% and 5%-127%, respectively. The proportion of nicotine N to total N in different parts of FCT plants increased with growing of the plants, and the proportion of nicotine fertilizer N decreased with the growing of FCT plants and the rising of leaf position. Soil N was the main source of nicotine N. These results suggested that decreasing of N supplication and early transplanting make for reducing of nicotine concentrations in FCT leaves, especially in the middle and upper leaves.

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