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作 者 ：毛伟 李文西 唐宝国 曾洪玉 张富春 高晖

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2014年 20卷 2期 页码：396-406

关键词：稻；

Keywords:fertilization index system, soil fertility balance,  , nutrients abundance and deficiency index,

摘 要 ：以江苏省江都市水稻为例，基于地力差减法预测氮肥用量、 养分丰缺指标法预测磷钾肥用量，构建县域测土配方施肥指标体系，研究分析20052011年测土配方施肥田间试验示范。结果表明，当种植水稻预测目标产量为6825~9270 kg/hm²（平均为8145 kg/hm²），氮肥推荐用量为146.42~57.4 kg/hm²（平均为207.5~ kg/hm²）。磷钾肥施用标准： 当有效磷含量高于21 mg/kg，不推荐施用磷肥；当有效磷含量在17~21 mg/kg时，推荐施磷（P₂O₅）量为40.5 kg/hm²；当有效磷含量在10~17 mg/kg时，推荐施磷（P₂O₅）量为 48 kg/hm²；当有效磷含量低于10 mg/kg 时，推荐施磷（P₂O₅）量为64.5 kg/hm²。当速效钾含量高于140 mg/kg，不推荐施用钾肥；当速效钾含量在115~140 mg/kg时，推荐施钾（K₂O）量为 22.5 kg/hm²；当速效钾含量在60~115 mg/kg时，推荐施钾（K₂O）量为40.5 kg/hm²；当速效钾含量低于60 mg/kg 时，推荐施钾（K₂O）量为 82.5 kg/hm²。同时对施肥指标体系建立进行校验分析，结果表明基于试验建立施肥指标体系是可行的，从而为构建县域测土配方施肥指标体系提供了方法，达到因土施肥的目的。

Abstract:In this study, we constructed recommendation fertilization index system using rice as experimental materials at Jiangdu City in Jiangsu Province based on field experiments from 2005 to 2011, and determined N doses using soil fertility balance method, and determined P, K doses using nutrients abundance and deficiency index method. The results showed that when the target yield for rice was 6825-9270 kg/ha,  averaging  8145 kg/ha, fertilizer N for rice was 146.4-257.4 kg/ha with an average of 207.5 kg/ha. Data indicated that when the the soil  available P content  exceeded 21 mg/kg, application of fertilizer P was unnecessary, and when the  the soil available P content was ranged from 17 to 21 mg/kg,  application amount of P₂O₅ should be 40.5 kg/ha, and when the soil available P content  was ranged from 10  to 17 mg/kg, P₂O₅ application was 48 kg/ha, and when the soil available P content  was below 10 kg/ha, application of P₂O₅ was 64.5 kg/ha. Fertilizer K should not be applied when the soil available K content  exceeded 140 mg/kg, and application K₂O was 225 kg/ha when the soil available K content  was from 115 to 140 mg/kg, and application of K₂O was 40.5 kg/ha when the soil available K content  was ranged from 60  to 115 mg/kg, and application of K₂O was 82.5 kg/ha when the soil available K content  was below 60 mg/kg. Fertilization index system was based on the field experiments and its availabality was testified in the serve for soil testing and formulated fertilization.

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