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作 者 ：徐爱东, 邱念伟, 娄苑颖

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2010年 16卷 2期 页码：498-503

关键词：玉米；缺氮；叶绿素荧光；

Keywords:maize, nitrogen deficiency, chlorophyll fluorescence transient,

摘 要 ：为灵敏检测和判断作物的缺氮程度，科学指导施肥，分析了不同程度缺氮条件下玉米叶片光合活性变化和生长生理变化。结果表明： 随着缺氮程度的加重，玉米叶片光合色素和可溶性蛋白含量都显著下降； 叶片的光合能力显著降低，表现为玉米整株鲜重减小，根冠比增大，说明缺氮对玉米生长和叶片活性具有显著影响。叶绿素荧光动力学结果显示，缺氮处理的玉米叶片Fv/Fm、Fm/Fo、Sm、ETo/CSo、RC/CSo都显著低于对照，并随着缺氮程度的加重而逐渐减小，其中Sm对缺氮最为敏感，而ABS/CSo、TRo/CSo、DIo/CSo等荧光参数对缺氮不敏感。分析Sm与培养介质中氮素浓度的相关性看出，二者关系类似酶动力学曲线，表明叶绿素荧光动力学参数能灵敏检测出缺氮玉米叶片光合活性的变化，可作为判断玉米缺氮程度的指标。

Abstract:To explore guidelines for nitrogen fertilization, nitrogen deficiency degree should be measured and estimated sensitively. Changes of leaf photosynthesis activity and physiological indices of maize were analyzed in this study. The results show that contents of soluble protein and pigments of maize leaves are decreased obviously along with the decrease of nitrogen concentration in the culture solution, and as well as photosynthesis activity of maize leaves and whole plant fresh weight, While the ratios of root to shoot are increased. These results indicate that there are significant effects on maize growth and activity of maize leaves under nitrogen-deficiency. Results of chlorophyll fluorescence study show that Fv/Fm, Fm/Fo, Sm, ETo/CSo, RC/CSo of maize leaves under the nitrogen-deficiency treatments are significantly lower than control leaves, in which Sm is the most sensitive index. While there are not significant differences of ABS/CSo, TRo/CSo and DIo/CSo under nitrogen-deficiency treatments. The correlation of Sm and nitrogen relative concentration in the cultivated solution is similar to the kinetics of enzyme-catalyzed reactions. These results suggest that the chlorophyll fluorescence measurements can detect changes of photoshythesis activity of nitrogen-deficiency maize leaves, and can be used to estimate the degree of nitrogen deficiency.

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