---

作 者 ：李波 张吉旺 靳立斌 崔海岩 董树亭 刘鹏 赵斌

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2012年 18卷 4期 页码：832-838

关键词：高产夏玉米；施钾量；产量；钾素利用效率；

Keywords:high yield summer maize, potassium application rate, grain yield, potassium use efficiency,

摘 要 ：选用登海661 (DH661)和郑单958 (ZD958)为试验材料，研究了高产条件下施钾量对夏玉米产量、钾素吸收和利用特性的影响。结果表明，夏玉米产量、钾素农学利用率和钾素回收率随施钾量的增加先增高后逐渐降低，钾肥偏生产力随施钾量的增加显著降低。通过二次曲线模拟，DH661在施钾量为K2O 184 kg/hm2时产量最高，ZD958在施钾量为201 kg/hm2达到最高产量，前者比后者产量高13.2%，而施钾量低8.56%。达到最高产量时，DH661每生产100 kg籽粒需吸收K2O 2.55kg，而ZD958需吸收K2O 3.20 kg。钾素主要在吐丝前吸收，籽粒中的钾素大部分来源于营养器官的转移，施用钾肥促进了钾素向籽粒的转运。本试验条件下，施K2O为180kg/hm2时，可提高钾肥利用率，获得高产。

Abstract:The effects of potassium (K) application rates on grain yield, K translocation and use efficiency under supper-high yield conditions were studied in fields. Two cultivars of summer maize (Zea mays L), Denghai 661 (DH661) and Zhengdan 958 (ZD958) were selected as experimental materials. The results show that the grain yield, agronomic efficiency of K and K recovery efficiency are increased at the first, and then gradually decreased with the increment of the K application rates. As applied K increased, partial factor productivity from the applied K is reduced significantly. Simulated by a quadratic curve, the grain yield of DH661 reached its maximum under K fertilizer application rate of K 184 kg/ha, and the ZD958 is under the rate of K 201 kg/ha. For per 100 kilogram grain production, it needs to absorb K2O 2.55 kg for DH661 and 3.20 kg for ZD958 as obtaining the highest yield. K is absorbed mainly before the spinning stage, and K in seed comes from nutritive organ mostly. In conclusion, under this field experiment conditions, the most optimal K fertilizer rate is K2O 180 kg/ha.

---