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作 者 ：李伶俐1;马宗斌1;张东林2;杜远仿2;房卫平3;谢德意3

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2006年 12卷 5期 页码：662-666

关键词：钾肥；光合特性；叶绿素荧光；产量品质；

Keywords:potassium fertilizer, photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence, yield, fibers quality,

摘 要 ：在大田条件下,采用随机区组设计,研究了中期(7月28日)补施75.kg/hm²钾肥对去叶枝常规密度群体和留叶枝稀植大棵群体后期棉花叶片光合特性和产量品质的影响。结果表明,两种不同类型棉花群体中期补施钾肥,均能延缓叶片衰老,保持生育后期有较高的叶面积,并能显著提高棉花生育后期主茎叶片叶绿素含量、光合效率、PSⅡ潜在光化学活性F_V/F_O、实际光化学效率Ф_PSⅡ和气孔导度Cs;显著降低非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ),从而提高了后期群体和叶片对光能的利用;有效地增加了总铃数和铃重,使子棉产量提高8.9%～9.3%,纤维比强度增强。

Abstract:The effects of applying potassium fertilizer at peak bolling stage(28,July) on cotton photosynthetic characteristics and its yield and quality under normal density(3.75×10⁴ plants/ha) removing monopodium and low density(2.25×10⁴ plants/ha) retaining monopodium were studied under filed condition with random block design.The K application rate was 75 kg/ha.The results showed that applying potassium fertilizer at middle growing stage retarded leaves aging,remained higher LAI at later growing stage,significantly increased SPAD value,photosynthetic rate,PSⅡ activity((F_V/F_O),actual photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(Ф_PSⅡ),stomata conductance(Cs) and significantly decreased non-photochemical quenching coefficient(NPQ) in stem leaves at later growing stage for both cotton populations.As the result,light energy utilization efficiency of cotton population and leaves at later growing stage were enhanced,total bolls and boll weight were increased remarkably,cotton lint yield were increased by 8.9%～9.3%,and cotton fibers tenacity was improved.

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