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作 者 ：周毅;郭世伟;宋娜;张崇林;李想;沈其荣

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2006年 12卷 3期 页码：334-339

关键词：水稻；供氮形态；水分胁迫；水分利用效率；

Keywords:rice, nitrogen form, water stress, water use efficiency,

摘 要 ：采用室内营养液培养及聚乙二醇(PEG6000)模拟水分胁迫处理的方法,在3种供氮形态(NH₄⁺/NO₃^-比为100/0,50/50和0/100)和2种水分条件(非水分胁迫及水分胁迫)下,研究了水稻苗期—分蘖期的生长及其水分利用效率。结果表明,苗期—分蘖期水稻在非水分胁迫条件下,NH₄⁺/NO₃^-比为50/50处理(NH₄⁺、NO₃^-混合处理)的生物量最大,比单一供NH₄⁺-N和单一供NO₃^--N的处理分别高49.63%和63.25%。而在水分胁迫条件下,单一供NH₄⁺-N的处理生物量最大,比NH₄⁺、NO₃^-混合处理和单一供NO₃^--N的处理分别高5.76%和484.0%;单一供NH₄⁺-N其水分利用效率也最高,比NH₄⁺、NO₃^-混合处理和单一供NO₃^--N的处理分别高11.36%和81.63%,而比非水分胁迫条件下的相应处理高12.39%。此外,单一供NH₄⁺-N较单一供NO₃^--N的处理水稻有较强的抗旱性,主要与其能保持相对较高的叶绿素含量、叶面积、分蘖数和净光合速率有关。

Abstract:By using nutrient solution culture and simulated water stress by PEG(6000),the effects of different nitrogen forms(NO₃^--N, NH₄⁺-N and the mixture of NO₃^--N and NH₄⁺-N) and water statuses(non-water stress and water stress) on water use efficiency(WUE) and the biological characteristics of rice plants at seedling-tillering stage were studied.The results showed that,under non-water stress,the biomass of rice plants were about 49.63% and 63.25% higher under the supply of mixture of NO₃^--N and NH₄⁺-N than either sole supply of NO₃^--N or NH₄⁺-N,respectively.However,under water stress,the biomass of rice plants were about 5.76% and 484.01% higher under sole ammonium supply than the other two treatments,WUE of rice plants were also 11.36% and 81.63% higher than the two treatments,while 12.39% higher than the same nitrogen form supply under non-water stress.Furthermore,rice plants grown with ammonium nutrition showed a stronger tolerance to water stress,due to their higher chlorophyll content,leaves area,tillers,and net photosynthetic rate et al.compared with those grown with nitrate nutrition.

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