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Growth and Photosynthesis of Phoebe zhennan Polyembryonic Seedlings under Different Fertilizer Levels

不同施肥水平对桢楠多胚苗生长及光合生理的影响



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,2016,36(6):1172-1181
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犌狉狅狑狋犺犪狀犱犘犺狅狋狅狊狔狀狋犺犲狊犻狊狅犳犘犺狅犲犫犲狕犺犲狀狀犪狀犘狅犾狔犲犿犫狉狔狅狀犻犮
犛犲犲犱犾犻狀犵狊狌狀犱犲狉犇犻犳犳犲狉犲狀狋犉犲狉狋犻犾犻狕犲狉犔犲狏犲犾狊
TANFei,HUHongling,HUTingxing,CHENYufeng,LIAOYuhua,
ZHOUGuangliang,LUOJie,YANGShanshan
(ColegeofForestry,SichuanAgriculturalUniversity,Chengdu611130,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Thenutritionbagcultivationwasusedtoinvestigatetheeffectoffertilizationongrowthandpho
tosyntheticphysiologyofmachilus(犘犺狅犲犫犲狕犺犲狀狀犪狀)polyembryonicseedlings.Inthestudy,threetypesof
seedlingsi.e.singleembryoseedlings(D),biggeroneoftwinembryoseedlings(SD),andsmaleroneof
twinembryoseedlings(SX)wereselectedandplantedasexperimentalmaterial.Theageofseedlingsfor
plantingwas45dandtherhizomewaspreliminarylignification.Theexperimentwassetasthreelevelsof
fertilizerapplication,i.e.control(CK,0gperbag),mediumlevel(M,0.2gperbag)andhighlevel(H,
0.3gperbag).Compoundfertilizerwasappliedandtheamountoffertilizerwasdividedinto4partsand
begantoapplyinearlyJulyandendedinearlySeptemberwiththeintervalof20d.Thedeterminationof
seedlinggrowthandphysiologicalindexesofphotosynthesiswereconductedinmidofAugustandmidof
October.Theresultsshowedthat:(1)Themediumlevel(M)offertilizationsignificantlypromotedthe
heightandgrounddiametergrowthofthreetypesseedlings,whilehighlevel(H)offertilizationshowed
theeffectofpromotingfirstandtheninhibition,andindicatedtheexcessivefertilization.(2)Themedium
level(M)offertilizationsignificantlypromotedthesynthesisofchlorophylofthreetypesofseedlings,
prolongedthefunctionalperiodofleaves,increasednetphotosyntheticrateandstomatalconductance,and
furthermoreimprovetheabilityofphotosynthesisoftheseedlingsunderhighlightintensityandtheenvi
ronmentofhighCO2concentration.(3)Thefertilizationcandecreasethelightcompensationpoint(LCP)
andCO2compensationpoint(CCP)ofseedlings,andincreasethelightsaturationpoint(LSP)andCO2
saturationpoint(CSP),promotingseedlingstoadapttotheenvironmentandaccumulatemoreorganic
matter.Whereasthehighamountoffertilizationonthephotosyntheticindicatorsofseedlingsalsoshowed
theroleofpromotionfirstandtheninhibition.Theresultsshowedthatsynthesisofphotosyntheticpig
mentinalmachilusseedlingsandphotosyntheticefficiencyaswelasenvironmentaladaptabilityareen
hancedundermoderatefertilizerapplication,whichhelpedtopromotethegrowthofseedlings;themedium
level(M)offertilizerapplicationcanrapidlyreducethegapbetweenthegrowthindicatorsofbiggeroneof
twinembryoseedlingsandsingleembryoseedlings.andalsoplaysapromotingroleonthegrowthof
smaleroneoftwinembryoseedlings.Theresultsindicatedtheimportantsignificancefortheconservation
ofmachilusgermplasmresources,andforthepromotionofqualifiedrateofseedlingsandreductionofthe
costofraisingseedling.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:machilus(犘犺狅犲犫犲狕犺犲狀狀犪狀);polyembryonicseedling;fertilization;growth;photosyntheticphysiology
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Table1 Thegroundsurfacediameterandheightgrowthofpolyembryoseedlingsof犘.狕犺犲狀狀犪狀S.Leeunder
differentlevelsoffertilizerapplication(fromJulytoNovember)
¤
Index
‹zR¦
Fertilization
treatment
ˆ‹l
Before
fertilization
ˆ‹½
After
fertilization
E£ŒIncrement
7~8˜
JulyAugust
9~10˜
SeptemberOctober

Total
°±
Groundsurface
diameter/mm
DCK 0.97±0.13a 3.46±0.94ab 0.72±0.16ab 1.76±0.29b 2.49±0.32b
DM 0.93±0.09a 3.67±0.27a 0.72±0.1ab 2.02±0.30a 2.73±0.28a
DH 0.95±0.09a 3.20±0.34bc 0.80±0.18a 1.47±0.35c 2.23±0.38bc
SDCK 0.76±0.05b 3.06±0.18c 0.73±0.15ab 1.58±0.19bc 2.30±0.17bc
SDM 0.72±0.05b 3.42±0.22ab 0.77±0.13a 1.96±0.22a 2.70±0.23a
SDH 0.73±0.06b 2.80±0.19d 0.71±0.07ab 1.36±0.21c 2.00±0.19c
SXCK 0.59±0.03c 2.70±0.17d 0.52±0.11c 1.56±0.2bc 2.10±0.15c
SXM 0.60±0.04c 2.93±0.33cd 0.60±0.10bc 1.76±0.34b 2.33±0.32bc
SXH 0.59±0.03c 2.20±0.13e 0.52±0.12c 1.10±1.4d 1.60±0.13d
ú”
Height/cm
DCK 7.22±0.52a 18.14±0.94b 3.14±0.74b 7.78±1.09ab 10.92±1.09b
DM 7.09±0.66a 19.60±0.83a 3.94±0.90a 8.56±0.77a 12.50±1.27a
DH 7.16±0.54a 18.93±0.87a 3.56±1.21ab 8.21±1.46ab 11.77±0.87ab
SDCK 5.57±0.45b 15.38±0.84d 2.81±0.89b 7.00±1.38b 9.81±1.09c
SDM 5.60±0.50b 16.60±0.75c 3.39±0.89b 7.56±0.62b 10.95±0.80b
SDH 5.36±0.45b 14.60±0.61e 3.65±0.89ab 5.60±1.19c 9.25±0.81cd
SXCK 4.04±0.20c 12.49±0.65f 1.18±0.19c 7.27±0.60b 8.45±0.65d
SXM 4.06±0.25c 12.70±0.81f 1.34±0.30c 7.26±0.79b 8.60±0.91d
SXH 4.02±0.23c 10.40±0.8g 1.38±0.76c 5.00±1.39c 6.38±0.99e
Š
:D、SD、SXŸº¯}~k、~`k、~k;CK、M、HŸº¯Äˆ‹(‘’)、…Œˆ‹€”Œˆ‹;ó‹Ä󁌍qº¯ñ
yrÁ0.05®v–—;×ó
Note:D,SDandSXdenotesingleembryoseedlings,biggeroneoftwinembryoseedlingsandsmaleroneoftwinembryoseedlingsrespec
tively;CK,MandHdenotewithout,moderateandhighamountoffertilizerapplied;Differentlettersinthecolumnsindicatesignificantdiffer
encesat0.05levelamongthetreatments,respectively;Thesameasbelow
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Table2 Thephotosyntheticpigmentcontentofpolyembryoseedlingsof犘.狕犺犲狀狀犪狀S.Leeunder
differentlevelsoffertilizerapplication/(mg·g-1)

Treatment
8˜ August 10˜ October
ÃÅÆ(Œ
ContentofChl
‚T]^ƌŒ
ContentofCar
ÃÅÆ(Œ
ContentofChl
‚T]^ƌŒ
ContentofCar
DCK 1.36±0.25c 0.25±0.01b 1.87±0.13b 0.34±0.02c
DM 1.52±0.22b 0.29±0.03ab 2.08±0.10a 0.43±0.01a
DH 1.51±0.21b 0.28±0.02ab 1.88±0.15b 0.31±0.03c
SDCK 1.42±0.20bc 0.27±0.04b 2.00±0.19ab 0.41±0.04ab
SDM 1.64±0.38a 0.35±0.05a 2.11±0.18a 0.46±0.03a
SDH 1.53±0.33b 0.32±0.04a 1.44±0.21d 0.24±0.03de
SXCK 1.12±0.48d 0.21±0.05b 1.56±0.13c 0.28±0.02cd
SXM 1.37±0.13c 0.24±0.02b 1.61±0.06c 0.29±0.02cd
SXH 1.33±0.04c 0.23±0.01b 1.12±0.09e 0.21±0.03e
ÄóŒ qº¯ÄóR¦ðñyr0.05®v–—;D、SD、SXŸ<ºf}~k、~`k、~k;CK、M、H<ºÄóPˆ‹–—。×ó
x1 Ä󈋌R¦Pst©~kÃÄÍ¥ŠÎÏëÐòŽ6~Å
Differentnormallettersoverthebarsindicatesignificantdifferencesamongthetreatmentsat0.05level,respectively;
Thesameasbelow
Fig.1 Thenetphotosyntheticrateandgasexchangeparametersofpolyembryoseedlingsof犘.狕犺犲狀狀犪狀
S.Leeunderdifferentlevelsoffertilizerapplication
6711 ! " # $ % &                   36|
Í¥ŠÎÏ
(犘n)、ÐÑZÒ(犌s)、fð CO2 \Ò
(犆i)€ghÎÏ(犜r)?I›¡¢(8˜€10˜)…
(òߺ»vSD≈D>SX,W10˜9SXP÷p
¤ïSD€DP]⤍ðPñyî。?d2
›ˆ‹½
(8˜9),D、SD€SX3‚ukÍ¥ŠÎ
ÏëÐòŽ6~ź»vˆ‹ŒPÌö¶»¼
ßà½×ÝPÀÁ

…Œˆ‹
(M)è‚ukP 犘n、
犌s、犆išR„†”v,õWïCKP]âLÛ
º»õ®vñy
(犘<0.05),¶”Œˆ‹(H)‘÷
pÐòŽ6~ÅPç²ö¢P´µ5e

Uđ M
R¦³®

?d4›ˆ‹½(10˜9),D、SD€SX
3‚ukPÐò~ŏƒˆ‹–—PÌöó_»
¼ßà½×ÝPÀÁ

UïCK]w,M R¦‘è
‚ukPÐòŽ6~őº»vÄó¹ÒP´µ5
e

¶ HR¦‘3‚uk°cº»v®vP¾¿5
e
(犘<0.05)。j߬­€³kËገ‹ÂÌö
è‚ukP¥Š~ÅL
,¸
Œˆ‹¶²ö¢P¾
¿5e

2.4 67:;<=>?uvCHnop、犆犗2 Hn
opBˆjklmFGH
2.4.1 CHnopBˆjklm 3‚ukèˆ
‹R¦P¥«âjk{rÀÁ‘x2i¯。ˆ‹
45d½(8˜9),3‚ukD、SD、SXPÍ¥ŠÎÏ
(犘n)襊²êlm(犘犃犚)?0~600μmol·m
-2
·s-1Îðœôۏ 犘犃犚 PÌö¶’ÎÌö,è
犘犃犚”„600μmol·m
-2·s-1ô,èR¦P犘nL
Ì¥„

†À„p¢
,3‚uk犘n (ò»õ
SD≈D>SXPÀÁ;Uƒˆ‹Œ€R¦ôðPÄ
ó

?óö¥’ÔÒ×舋R¦ð 犘n PL²ì
`ñy

÷"º»v M>H>CK,€³oËPˆ‹
‘stè‚ukE£Û²ì`P´µ5e

óô

:º3ˆ,ƒˆ‹–—PÌö,3‚stukP
†`Í¥ŠÎÏ
(犘nmax)、¥Þ€Ü(LSP)參â
jkP{rÀÁö@
(M>H>CK),¶¥ÚÛÜ
(LCP)°»]PÀÁ(M<H<CK),º³ˆ‹
É´Ù©~kQ¸Ý!LSP、ӔLCP“ãäå©
P¥Š£$

?10˜9,è犘犃犚;A500μmol·m
-2·s-1
ô
,3‚uk舋R¦P犘n L®À„p¢,`
¥«âjkP{rÀÁjë 犘nmax、LSPc»õ
M>CK>HP»o,W3‚ukˆ‹R¦ðPñy
w8˜9å`;€³sô…Œˆ‹‘stè‚uk
P¥Š5e‘²ö¢P´µê­

¶”Œˆ‹R¦
°:lËP´µ”{v®vP¾¿5e

2.4.2 犆犗2 HnopBjklm :x3ÂÃ,?
8˜€10˜93‚stuk舋R¦P犘nCO2
«âjkó_•Š#$¥ŠCO2«âP{r¦§,
$?!CO2 \Җ—œ(0~800μmol·mol
-1),

x2 Ä󈋌R¦st©~kP¥«âjk
Fig.2 Thelightresponsecurveofpolyembryoseedlingsof犘.狕犺犲狀狀犪狀S.Leeunderdifferentlevels
offertilizerapplication
77116Ë           < =,6:Ä󈋖—‘st©~kE£ë¥ŠE¦Pª«
x3 Ä󈋌R¦st©~kPCO2 «âjk
Fig.3 TheCO2responsecurveofpolyembryoseedlingsof犘.狕犺犲狀狀犪狀S.Leeunderdifferent
levelsoffertilizerapplication.
ƒCO2 \ÒPÌÔ,èR¦PukÃÄ犘n ’Îß
à

†½À„p¢

?8˜92›ˆ‹R¦½,3‚
uk…P…Œˆ‹
(M)€”Œˆ‹(H)R¦P犘n
CO2«âjkš”„Ĉ‹‘’(CK),õ»õ
M>H>CKPÀÁ,U]óCO2 R¦\Ò×èˆ
‹R¦‘âP犘n `©ñyÄ®v。?10˜9®4
›ˆ‹R¦½
,3‚uk…P…Œˆ‹(M)R¦P
犘nCO2«âjkš”„”Œˆ‹(H)€‘’
(CK),¶”Œˆ‹R¦°R„†!v,W]ó
CO2 R¦\Ò×舋R¦ðñy®v。ÂÃ,3
‚stukŠð

?]óCO2 R¦\Ò×,SX‘
âP犘nG˜„SD、D,Wñy®v。
óô

º3º³,8˜93‚ukÄ󈋖—
R¦P†`Í¥ŠÎÏ
(犘nmax)、CO2 ހÜ(CSP)
ï犘nCO2«âjkŠðD?]óP{rÀÁ,$
M>H>CK;¶`CO2 ÚÛÜ(CCP)°»vCK
>H>MP9E。?10˜9,3‚ukÄóˆ‹R
¦ðP犘nmax、CSPº»vH<CK<MP9E,W3
‚ukˆ‹R¦ðPñyw8˜9å`;ó_º³
”Œˆ‹®®v¾¿fstukPE£

3 ¨ {
`ŒCDº³

#$P©~»o™šD?„I
J›…

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‘œ
NCDg»¸t7m?Äóžôð€ÄóMg‰
u×gŸÏ€©~Ïc²iÄó
[25];
 ›—CDg
»

st©~Ïr12.4%,` …~kv9%,`  
v3~k€4~k[26]。:„#$7mI¡Œ²P
fgb²¢

?6kô‡£b}~k€©~k?
•òß²ì`Pñy

÷‘`½ËPE£‡£E¤
`Pª«
[2728]。
?"CD…

ˆ‹oË~`k
(SD)€~k(SX)cï}~k(D)PE£¤
D?ö¢Pñò

¶ˆ‹½³®îfSDïDE
£¤Pñò

USX†ïD]ñ¥˜。Q¸ˆ‹
“´µ~kPE£

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²?„ýDÒ
øùú7å©P7qûü

­6å©PPJÅrk
Kõ¦§å©P®¨ê©

lF?‘è‚ú7uúPˆ‹CD…g»

?
ö¢Pˆ‹Œ–—œ

kKPE$ŒƒgPÌ
ö¶Ìö

Uª¸†`[«Œ¶‡¾¿ukPE
£

‘臈êŒR„…ê–—×
(0.6g,¾5
ãv0.07m2),stPE£†3,E£¤€¥Š
~Åc²³®Pñy
[20];
áŒPê

ìfg
É­³®´µÕ°®ukPE£

ӔͥŠÎÏ

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PÍ¥ŠÎÏ
[29]。
ijáŒPgz¯°ÉÙkK
8711 ! " # $ % &                   36|
~3 4567sE;<=>?CHnq犆犗2 Hnjklm
Table3 TheparametersoflightandCO2responseofpolyembryoseedlingsof犘.狕犺犲狀狀犪狀S.Lee
underdifferentlevelsoffertilizerapplication
˜9
Month

Treatment
犘n犘犃犚 犘nCO2
†`Í¥Š
ÎÏ犘nmax
/(μmol·m-2
·s-1)
¥ÚÛÜ犔犆犘
/(μmol·
m-2·s-1)
¥Þ€Ü犔犛犘
/(μmol·
m-2·s-1)
†`Í¥ŠÎ
Ï犘nmax
/(μmol·m-2·
s-1)
CO2ÚÛÜ犆犆犘
/(μmol·
m-2·s-1)
CO2ހ
Ü犆犛犘
/(μmol·
m-2·s-1)

DCK 8.30c 56.95c 539.58c 23.53c 80.79b 1061.05d
DM 9.44b 50.89d 595.33a 27.68b 68.48d 1175.48b
DH 9.20b 53.94cd 575.12b 26.72b 77.38c 1105.20c
SDCK 8.91bc 53.79cd 546.95c 26.69b 70.76d 1138.50bc
SDM 10.56a 33.83e 592.96a 29.16a 59.34e 1234.87a
SDH 9.35b 36.35e 586.37ab 26.97b 68.44d 1171.46b
SXCK 5.72e 82.69a 379.62e 14.15e 82.90a 756.63f
SXM 7.50d 56.07c 520.36d 17.17d 77.48c 901.23e
SXH 7.14d 61.80b 518.80d 17.08d 81.42ab 880.24e
10
DCK 8.53b 8.10e 336.89c 21.61c 68.95de 1042.24d
DM 9.49a 5.74f 391.88b 25.31a 54.96f 1155.50b
DH 7.27c 7.12e 306.66d 19.07d 64.20e 1017.47e
SDCK 8.64b 11.72d 338.40c 23.19b 72.44d 1096.83c
SDM 9.65a 4.22f 403.81a 25.84a 47.33g 1212.90a
SDH 4.82e 23.05b 264.20e 14.23e 95.70b 718.23g
SXCK 5.07de 21.61bc 303.52d 15.11e 83.78c 782.59f
SXM 5.66d 21.17c 308.26d 20.38cd 69.19de 1043.23d
SXH 2.79f 37.08a 249.20e 7.99f 115.00a 682.88g
PqŒï£ŒrÁ†`r

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st©~k
PE£€¥ŠE¦¤P{rcï߅]9CDP
¬­ö@

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(H)‡„TÃÅ
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b
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‹R¦P…Œˆ‹
(M)€”Œˆ‹(H)c‘Í¥Š
ÐòŽ6~Ų®v´µ5e

÷︹º€»¼
U§ÁP¬{]ó
[3132];
¶?ˆ‹½Ë…Œˆ‹
(M)P´µ5e²i„²,”Œˆ‹°‘Í¥ŠÎ
πÐòŽ6~ź»õö¢P¾¿5e

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ؾ
[33]
PCD¬­ö@



HstukP¥«
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ö

óôˆ‹7ÙukP¥ÚÛÜ
(LCP)、CO2 ÚÛ
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(CCP)c²i×Ý,ÙukÉ­å9°?²¥€
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Ø
,´
µukãäå©P²æ$q

÷ïÀI¶PC
D¬­]}
[34];
¶?ˆ‹¬Á½”Œˆ‹‘3‚u
kP27«âwÇ~ÅÛ²³®P¾¿5e。


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,SDM PÃÅÆ、‚T
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U`ñLÛ²i„

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97116Ë           < =,6:Ä󈋖—‘st©~kE£ë¥ŠE¦Pª«
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jëÄö÷‹¸©£
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lŠ!R

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D»€™g?elL
[J].ÚÛJ_,-,2004,31(1):59.
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tion,researchstatusanddevelopmentalutilizationprospectof
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犼犻犪狀犉狅狉犲狊狋狉狔犛犮犻犲狀犮犲犪狀犱犜犲犮犺狀狅犾狅犵狔,2004,31(1):59.
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狏犲狉狊犻狋狔犖犪狋狌狉犪犾犛犮犻犲狀犮犲犈犱犻狋犻狅狀,2013,4:163164.
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