Abstract:This research was conducted to provide theoretical evidence for bamboo cultivation during this time of possible climate change.Open-top chambers (OTCs) were employed to determine the effects of elevated O3 （EO）and elevated CO2（EC）alone and in combination on membrane lipid peroxidation and anti-oxidation system in the leaves of Phyllostachys edulis using a split-plot design with treatments of AA,EC ,EO,ECEO.The results showed that:(1)After 30 days of exposure,elevated O3 can stimulate the activity of anti-oxidation enzymes(SOD,CAT,POD,APX) and the contents of osmotic adjusting substances(soluble protein and soluble sugar),which can balance reactive oxygen species production,resulting in no significant increase in malondialdehyde content.Along with the decline of antioxidant,intense the damage to membrane lipid and destroy the structure of cell membrane.(2)Short-term treatment of high concentration of CO2 on membrane lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system in the leaves of P.edulis effect is not evident,and long-term treatment of high concentration of CO2 will increase the antioxidant ability of P.edulis and osmotic adjustment function in a certain extent,and thus,alleviate the oxidative stress.(3)In combination of elevated CO2 and O3,the leaves of P.edulis can maintain high levels of antioxidant enzymes activities and osmotic adjustment substance contents to effectively regulate reactive oxygen species generation and clearing balance,indicating that elevated CO2 could ameliorate the oxidative stress in some extent.