作 者 ：贾文庆,王少平,范正琪,李纪元

期 刊 ：林业科学研究 2015年 28卷 3期 页码：374-379

关键词：耐冬山茶；花粉；萌发；贮藏；超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)；过氧化物酶(POD)；过氧化氢酶(CAT)；

Keywords:Camellia japonica, pollen, germination, storage, SOD, POD, CAT,

摘 要 ：以山东青岛耐冬山茶花粉为试验材料, 采用离体培养基法研究了花粉的萌发特性, 并探讨了不同贮藏温度与贮藏时间对花粉萌发率和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的影响。结果表明:耐冬山茶花粉萌发的最适宜培养基为:150 g·L^-1蔗糖+0.05 g·L^-1硼酸+100 mg·L^-1 GA₃+900 g·L^-1 Ca(NO₃)₂;花粉最佳贮藏温度为-80℃;-80℃贮藏360 d后, 花粉萌发率仍达到原来的58.19%, 3种保护酶活性较高, 花粉抗氧化、衰老能力较强;贮藏过程中, 3种保护酶活性出现最高峰值前后花粉萌发率出现大幅度下降;不同贮藏温度下, 3种保护酶的作用不同, 室温下POD、CAT为敏感性保护酶, 4℃下SOD 为敏感性保护酶, -20℃、-80℃下CAT为敏感性保护酶;3种保护酶活性对花粉萌发率的影响依次为:SOD>POD>CAT。

Abstract:Fresh pollen of Camellia japonica was used to test the pollen viability by in vitro culture. The effects of different store methods on pollen viability and the activity of SOD, POD and CAT were also investigated. The results show that 1.The best combination for pollen germination was 150 g·L^-1 sucrose, 0.05 g·L^-1 boric acid, 100 mg·L^-1 GA₃, and 900 g·L^-1 Ca(NO₃)₂. 2.-80℃ sealed storage was the best storage condition to keep the vitality of the pollen. 3.After 360 days‘ storage, the activity of the three kinds of enzymes, the antioxidant capacity and aging ability of the pollen kept high. 4.The germination proportion of pollen decreased significantly when the activities of SOD, POD and CAT were around the highest levels. 5.The three enzymes had different responses to the storage temperature. POD and CAT were responding protection enzymes at room temperature, while SOD was a responding protection enzyme at 4℃, however. CAT was a responding protection enzyme at -20℃ and -80℃. The effect of three kinds of enzymes on pollen germination are in the order of SOD>POD>CAT.