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作 者 ：田晓堃,王鹏程,汪来发,肖文发,李祖梅,林英华

期 刊 ：林业科学研究 2010年 23卷 2期 页码：246-251

关键词：土壤含水量；空间变异；三峡库区；

Keywords:soil moisture, spatial variability, Three Gorges Reservoir Area,

摘 要 ：土壤水分含量是对地表生态过程有着重要影响的生态因子,在三峡库区生态环境保护中具有重要作用。选取三峡库区典型植被类型杉木、马尾松混交林(A)和马尾松纯林(B),通过网格(3.00 m×3.00 m)取样,地统计学方法研究群落(30.00 m×30.00 m)0.00 - 20.00 cm土壤水分的空间特征。结果表明:(1)两种典型植物群落土壤含水量空间变异性不同,样地A和样地B土壤含水量的变异系数分别表现出弱和中等强度的变异性;(2)两种典型植物群落土壤水分具有良好的半方差结构,半方差函数曲线可以用球状模型进行拟合。土壤水分的空间相关范围存在明显的差异,有效变程分别为51.00 m和12.37 m;土壤水分分布格局呈明显的斑块状分布;(3)在本研究区域内,植被、地形和地貌等是影响土壤含水量空间异质性的主要因素。

Abstract:The soil moisture is a most important ecological factor on the earth‘s surface ecological process. It plays an important role in ecological environment protection in Three Gorges Reservoir Area. The geostatistics method was used to determine and quantify the spatial variability of soil water(0.00 - 20.00 cm)for analysis of spatial patters of soil moisture in two typical forest communities (30.00 m×30.00 m)i.e.Cunninghamia lanceolata and Pinus massoniana mixed forest(A), Pinus massoniana pure forest(B)in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.Using the grid sampling method(3.00 m×3.00 m space),98 sampling points were fixed in tota1.Based on autocorrelation analysis, the spatial correlation structure of these soil moisture patterns was calculated with the aid of the Moran‘s I index.The results showed that:(1) the spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture was different obviously between the two forest types, the spatial heterogeneity of plot B was stronger than that of plot A; (2) the analysis of semivariogram at all types had good semivariogram structure. Significant differences were found on spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture between plot A and B. Two semivariance graphs could be expressed by spherical model. There were significant differences in the ranges of spatial autocorrelation between the two types communities, the effective ranges of soil moisture were 51.00 m and 12.37 m, respectively. Autocorrelated spatial heterogeneity was a main component of the spatial heterogeneity. Their spatial pattern came out as obvious patches from the spatial framework maps; (3) The soil moisture spatial variability in this region mostly contributed to the influencing factors, such as vegetation topography and micro-physiognomy.

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