作 者 ：郝龙飞;王庆成;张彦东;徐庆祥;彭红梅;刘婷岩

期 刊 ：林业科学 2012年 48卷 6期 页码：33-39

关键词：山桃稠李；指数施肥；生物量；N养分承载；

Keywords:Padus maackii, exponential fertilization, biomass, N nutrient loading,

摘 要 ：

采用常规施肥(CF)、指数施肥(EF)和2倍指数施肥(DEF)3种施肥处理,研究大田条件下不同施N肥处理对山桃稠李1年生播种苗生物量和养分(N,P,K)含量动态及养分承载的影响。结果表明: 1) 生长季结束后,EF和DEF处理单株生物量分别为37.00 g和35.60 g,比CF处理(27.10 g)分别增加36.5%和31.3%(P<0.05); 2) 苗木生长高峰期第9~11周,EF和DEF处理单株苗木N含量增量分别为0.28 mg和0.17 mg,均高于CF处理(0.03 mg)(P<0.05); 3) EF和DEF处理均提高了播种苗体内N养分承载,生长季结束时,单株苗木N含量分别为0.69 g和0.73 g,均显著高于CF处理(单株0.44 g)(P<0.05); 4) EF,DEF处理促进了苗木对P,K吸收,生长季中P,K的吸收速率顺序均为DEF>EF>CF。生长季结束时,EF和DEF处理P质量分数较CF处理分别高28.4%和9.0%; 2种指数施肥处理K质量分数较CF处理高12.5%和19.9%。采用指数施肥有效促进山桃稠李播种苗生长,可改善苗木营养状态,同时苗木造林成活率和生长效果较佳。

Abstract:

Biomass, nutrients (N, P, K) content dynamics and nutrient load of Padus maackii one-year-old bare-root seedlings were studied under conventional (CF), exponential (EF) and doubled exponential fertilization (DEF) regimes. 1) At the end of the growing season, the biomass accumulation of seedlings was 37.00 g·stem^-1 and 35.60 g·stem^-1 under EF and DEF treatment, respectively, and they were 36.5% and 31.3% greater than that with CF treatment (P<0.05); 2) From the 9^th to 11^th weeks, the fast-growing periods of seedlings, N content increment of seedlings was 0.28 mg·stem^-1 and 0.17 mg·stem^-1 under EF and DEF treatment, respectively, and they were significantly higher than that with CF treatment (0.03 mg·stem^-1) (P<0.05); 3) N load of seedlings under EF (0.69 g·stem^-1) and DEF (0.73 g·stem^-1) treatments were significantly greater than that with CF treatment (0.44 g·stem^-1) (P<0.05); 4) N exponential fertilization (EF, DEF) improved P and K uptake by seedlings (DEF>EF>CF). At the end of the growing season, P mass fraction in seedlings was 28.4% and 9.0% greater under EF and DEF treatments than that with CF treatment (P<0.05); K mass fraction in seedlings was 12.5% and 19.9% higher under EF and DEF than that with CF treatment (P<0.05). Exponential fertilization regimes effectively promoted biomass accumulation and improved nutrient loading in P. maackii seedlings. Outplanting,meanwhile, results so far indicate the seedlings with exponential fertilization had higher survival rate and better growth performance than CF seedlings when outplanted.