竹材由维管束和基本组织组成,维管束是其主要承重单元,也是连接微观到宏观性能的重要环节。利用激光共聚焦显微(LCSM)技术准确地测定毛竹不同部位维管束面积,并研究内、外层维管束的面积变异规律。结果表明: 毛竹维管束的面积为0.038 3~0.246 2 mm2; 毛竹维管束从竹青到竹黄按截面形态可分成内层和外层,两部分差异明显; 外层维管束面积随维管束形态的增大大体呈增加趋势,而内层维管束面积变化趋势不明显。
Bamboo culm consists of vascular bundles and parenchyma, and vascular bundles determine mainly the strength of a bamboo culm. Vascular bundle is also an important connection of the microscopic properties and the macroscopic properties of bamboo culm. This paper accurately measured the area of a Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) vascular bundle by using the Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope(LCSM), and studied the area variation of inner and outer vascular bundles. The results showed that the area values were between 0.038 3 and 0.246 2 mm2; the vascular bundles could be divided into outer layers and inner layers according to morphology from outside to inside of bamboo wall; the area of the outer vascular bundle increased with the increasing size, while inner vascular bundle had no change.
全 文 :!!"
" !
#$
#
$ % # $
$
#$
%
& ( )
&()*+(, &(-.,) &(*(,)
./01!"!*/1#$
2345! $ % # $
*+,#
" $%#$ 6%: 6#"#
-.,#
" $%#$ 6#% 6$!$
/012
"
&789:(;<1
-
³RWµ¨¦ÖJ?G1G~î@;>
. %$%#%%!%%9& $
!ûøAabcde
$
BW_CDêTSk_íè
!
9::
?
;<=
?
>?@
?
!AB
?
CDE
%
3EWF=G
?
iy
#%%#%$&
!
?
"
! ?
WHÇ_CQ/CÊèÊ*
!
_CîQ?ãVI
!
Lî¨MñJ¹òJ9ÉV?TÞ
$
à
KTåLMZñ
%-&Y&
9:Â>NBW
gO_Cê4
!
ß;>
;¥_Cê4_íè
$
"
BW_Cê4a
%1%7" 7 @%1$!; $ AA
$
#
BW_C}WĹWxàDêTSk½*¥Q;¥
!
Ng
½^_Z
#
;¥_Cê4¤_CTSVÐÐ3V¦ò
!
¨¥_Cê4ò
Z
$
#$%
" ?
BW
#
_C
#
ê4
#
KTåLMZñN
&()*
! &8#"1!8???
+,-./
! ,???
+01*
! #%%# 68!"""$%#$##$ 6%%#; 6%;
M((-#")();6"&52"$"9 "0M(/*3$(&I3);$.#)6"/" I(A,""
&CHID-F0F?&GI OC3IDqGI?NFHIDO3CGF?-FG LFIDn3?=HID&CGAFI
%*+,$(+,-/+3:$+,$(0/(<7D//+8 %,+?<$-=-+4 #%%#%$&
7,/-&(*-" ?>HAP//4G0A4/IQFQBQ/WUHQ4G0HSPGIV03QHIV RHS3I4CZAH! HIV UHQ4G0HSPGIV03QV3B3SAFI3AHFI0ZBC3
QBS3IDBC /WHPHAP//4G0A5.HQ4G0HSPGIV03FQH0Q/HI FAR/SBHIB4/II34BF/I /WBC3AF4S/Q4/RF4RS/R3SBF3QHIV BC3
AH4S/Q4/RF4RS/R3SBF3Q/WPHAP//4G0A5+CFQRHR3SH44GSHB30ZA3HQGS3V BC3HS3H/WHY/Q/PHAP//%9#53/&,)#5&$8.3-&&
UHQ4G0HSPGIV03PZGQFIDBC3/IW/4H0-HQ3S&4HIIFIDYF4S/Q4/R3%-&Y&! HIV QBGVF3V BC3HS3HUHSFHBF/I /WFII3SHIV
/GB3SUHQ4G0HSPGIV03Q5+C3S3QG0BQQC/T3V BCHBBC3HS3HUH0G3QT3S3P3BT33I %1%7" 7 HIV %1$!; $ AA
$
# BC3UHQ4G0HS
PGIV03Q4/G0V P3VFUFV3V FIB//GB3S0HZ3SQHIV FII3S0HZ3SQH44/SVFIDB/A/SRC/0/DZWS/A/GBQFV3B/FIQFV3/WPHAP//TH0#
BC3HS3H/WBC3/GB3SUHQ4G0HSPGIV03FI4S3HQ3V TFBC BC3FI4S3HQFIDQFm3! TCF03FII3SUHQ4G0HSPGIV03CHV I/4CHID35
8.9 :"&;/" ?Y/Q/PHAP//%9#53/&,)#5&$8.3-& UHQ4G0HSPGIV03# HS3H# /IW/4H0-HQ3S&4HIIFIDYF4S/Q4/R3
??
WHîkOgoRRHP6
!
Þ)9É
!
è£Qu{²H
#
@QR9QST9É{
±ânHP
%NFHID! $%%$# ,AHVH$,3!
$%%## */DHBH$,3!#::9# 2FID$,35! #::9&$
WH
Q?Ç_CQ/CÊè°*
!
_CîQ?ã
Ug½
$
_CÇ;VW
VW
XRV
W
pRR¦g
pR²GgIÊè°*
$
_Cî
WYQ?ãVI
!
ÐW¾½æqV
?@A
$ $%
®¯
7%
$°
!
,C)eWZ[I
WH_CTS\:(p];>
%
&I
!
$%%9&!
¤
!
3;)eWH_C°&
(ÿ!éê;>
!
ß½¾n-(Åî½æÅÏ
%
·#`I
! #:;%# #:;$#
\]^I
! #::7#
_A&
I
! #:;!# eS/QQ3S$,3!#:8#&$
6¨
!
±WH
_CDêê4°ð;>æ+qÆ,
$
±â)e«
;>WH_C9Gä
!
¼à`bT)ZñN
_Cê4\:aV>u
$
5[
" ,AHVH
I
%#::;&
à
2
ê b r Q Q b ½ í N O > u ( B W
%9#53/&,)#5&$8.3-&&
V34½â
# -F
I
%$%##&
à
-3F4H2Y$9%%
T)ZñN>u(BW_C
ê4
!
ê4Ö=Á-
#
^I
% $%%: &
à
X-=YKf& >L!#
êTZñNQ
X-=YKf& 9%9%
â
cÅr0*(BWYd_CeâêfQb
$
|
2>uÅÏå6ÍÒgh
!
ÔDZ>PiÚIm
!
j8q¨9:Â>u_Cê4
$
CàK
TåLMZñN°:>N(BW_CkÊ*
Iê4
!
n-(6¡>uWH_Cê4
ÅÏ
$
U¡ÅÏÅÍÊm>PÅÏQ?q
$
%ñ
W
"
6îà±>uâkJ
U
$
!
A!
kwl_
Cl3TD
#
Úî«KTåLMÉmÂJn
¹VQ=oðp[ê
!
wl(>u°:9
$
C.;>(
;¥_Cê4íè
!
a
O;>_CÞ)9ÉqN/H
!
MWHñ
JÞ)9ÉQòJÞ)9É[ÿ³3*akÉ
$
?!
#$
# rssI
"
BW_CDêTSk_íè
#?
HPvÅÏ
BW
!!
$R
!
ß5½¾|xL78&t
!
!"
:: AA!
YÑ
8 8;% AA!
å
7%
Þ
!
½a
7
Ú
!
uð
s
#$
2
<=
wxyz{_|}~p#
>(,?<=OP5.A.)-($A(-.($/#)-.&*.5-#")();-2.
/#Q."06"/" ,(A,""
12
(B3A
µ£
M3FDCB
# A # @7 A 7 @9 A
µtÞa
(IB3SI/V34/IBHFIFID
#*" :*#; #8*$$
Ì«"
,U3SHD3
4FS4GAW3S3I43]4A
7$1": $"1%; $!1%$
ÌÞaÑ
,U3SHD3
FIB3SI/V303IDBC]4A
#;1;7 $;18; 7#1$$
PYàÞâ
+3QBQ3QQF/IQ
" #9 $$
PYàÞ«"
FS4GAW3S3I43
/WB3QBQ3QQF/IQ]4A
7%19 $;1" $$1!
PZoJ
JH0
BCF4EI3QQ/WQR34FA3I
%*! &! )! J&]AA
#%1"8! #%1;;!
##1%9! ##179
"1;7! "1!9!
"1!"! "1;;
8199! 817:!
819:! ;188
#1$1#?
+,-.
?
MPYàWv
%
Ñ
$$%
AA&
½¾(f
iw*»
$% AA
xyW
#
}
WD*
#%% AA
ÑfiWÚ
#
%
#
àC
M
#%% AA
ÑWÚWoà
#]7
WoJ£½é*
%
Wx
&
=
%
Wx
&
;
%
WÄ
&7
g½=k
$
=kSËyNz*_C
!
gz*
#%
(
!
=gQ;gz*
#9
(
$
}z*_CD*
$ 4A
Ñ6Údaê4>uZ1
$
_Cà{
°|Ë
!
6«µ}_~Y\u
&RGSS
!
M
_CY=
!
ßw7
$
Éò¦¹
_Qðp=³ãdà
!
ò
ðpo
°
%&RGSS! #:;:&$
#1$1$?
/012
?
M_CZ1à{=âkrâ
*
#19
!
A
Jâk
!
$%_CZ1â-=k
â
/±
#%
k
$
«T)ZñN-GuÄ
7
k
!
S.
!
Ý«Uk
$
àKT
åLMZñN
%-&Y9#% Y3BH!O3FQQ&
!
0*
_CeDêQkß>uê4
$
MWH(WYNAaWÑ
%-&!
(Å
NAa
%+&!
(WoJ£ÅNAa"
%i&
%eCHUHAF$,3!$%%7&$
WHÅNAQ
#$
M_C(;VWÅNAa"
%i&!
Ñ
#
(XÅVWÅNAa
%+&!
w
$
BW_CÅNAQ
$$
Q
#?
WHÅNA
%*
i
# &
f
#
+
# -
# i
"
&
I/SBC%*&HIV Q/GBC% &&
Q
$?
_CÅkg½NA
WFPS/GQQC3HBC%W& !R/S/GQ% R& !U3QQ30%U&
$?
vif
DC<=
}~
GCuv
BWYeâê_C½³Q
7$
6ÔîO
±;X¨®
!
O±XШÚ
$
ç_C
bìO±WYeâê=gäg
!
à:2;ß
ûq±:
$
Q
7?
BWWoeâêòJ°
8#
& ( )
!"
"
?
«6âê
!
WH;¥
=¥Q¥_CT
SQÐZ
$
Woeâê
gO_
C«½³qZ~^_
$
«Wo;¥_C½³
®V
!
Ô%Ò
!
XÊè½
àé
!
Vðp
îQ?*½
$
eâê=g_CTSýN
%
Ð
&!
UXÊè½àé
!
îW¡ÐTD
%
ïI
! #:"$&$
BW_CTSI
Q
!$
Q
!?
BW_C};¹
%!
$R
!7 A
w
&
}Q=k8d-
!
BWeDê_CÝ«
$
¡
TS
!
6¡a¬&bç_C
!
»6¡a&bç_
C
$
ǹ;à
$
¡TSkMWo½a
;
$
¥
!
WÄï±;¥
!
Wxï±¥
!
Wx6g½ï±
¥
!
6g½ï±;¥
!
U«WY
gO½ï
;
¥Í5
!
û3Í5.Ç?PY\6]
$
¬&bç_C½³±eâê;¥
!
&bç_
C½³±eâê¥
$
«;¥
!
_C2;q
Zíè
!
;2;
!
TSÇvÐ
#
«
¥
!
_CTS6
!
Ô]1;¥_CÑ»Í
Ð
#
};®
!
_CÑv
!
wÐ
!
Ñ»Ív©
#
]1
!
ÑQw ÅI
$
V½æ¥_CQ;¥_CTS
Q
9$
}Q
9
=k8d-
!
¥_Cµt
$
¡T
S
"
6¡î
!
%VWÅ¡l
!
[Q
9,
B¢
#
»
6¡î_CÅVWv=6%XÅV
WŨ
!
¨»6%XÅVWQ;ÅVWÅ¡
l
!
_Cµt
7
%lVW
!
[Q
9>
B¢
$
;¥_C«TSÍÒ6
!
ÛÉq
$
%l
VW
!
ÔVWÐq^¾
!
[Q
9! 2
B¢
$
DCD=
}~
fg(CB
(q_CÊ*
!
M_
pRR¦gQ=o
ðp!a£\±¤Å
!
MVWd*îVÅ
!
L
¨k8¥_Cd*îVÅQ£\±¤Å»3
$
êU_Cê4>uµ¶_C;«ê4
>u
_¤ê4>u
£\±¤ÅQVÅ
ê4>u
$
M_Cê4NAa
;
U
!
£\±¤Åê4
NAa
;
R
!
VÅê4NAa
;
W
$
(q»\HP
Nè
!
éqI*l
" ;
U
l;
W
d;
R
!
VÅê4
kÇ_Cê4Q£\±¤Åê4mH¸¹
$
ç_Cê4>uQ
;$
BW_Cê4a
%1%7" 7 @%1$!; $ AA
$
!
ÌÖa
%1#99 9 AA
$
#
_¤ê4a
% @
%1%9" 9 AA
$
!
ÌÖa
%1%$$ % AA
$
#
£\±¤Å
ê4a
%1%%% 9 @%1#!8 " AA
$
!
ÌÖa
%1%99 :
AA
$
#
VWê4a
%1%78 " @%1#!7 ; AA
$
!
Ì
Öa
%1%:: ; AA
$
%
Q
8&$
_CTS«6Yd
µ£
%
&
k6µ£
gO
%
"
&
!
ê¨ê4L
q^_
%
Q
"&$
}Q=k8d-
!
BW_CeDêê4(
Z
!
Ô«"Z
!
v_CÐ
6
$
Êm;>L
!
µ£_
CÐ^¾
Ð
$
;¥_Cʽê4Q¥
_Cʽê4ÅÍÛ?þ±
!
¾î_
ê4Q±¤Åê4
$
¥_C_ê4î;¥
_C_ê4
$19:
R
!
±¤Åê4î;¥
_C±¤Åê4
!1#9
R
!
|6WLl(«TS
!
;¥_C=XÊèÁ½àé
$
å6;¥
_Cê4±¥_C
!
Ô;¥_CV
Wê4v¥_CVWê4Å^
Ð
!
L;¥
V34½âб¥
!
\6]lX(«Woeâ
ê_C34½â};V¦
%,AHVH$,3!
#::;&$
¨VîWH=Q?ãU°
!
;>l
W¾V¦§è£a/3
#%
R
%,AHVH$,
35! #::8&!
|}»;6êl(WH=Þ)è£î
Wo;XбX
$
WH|6°îa(õö
56[=¨ó4U
$
DCB=
}~
COP
_C«¥Q;¥2;½³
!
ê
4íèL
$
;¥_C2;©®
!
«eâê
;2;
!
TSÒ
!
ê4ÖLqíè
$
"#
?!
#$
# rssI
"
BW_CDêTSk_íè
Q
9?
¥Q;¥_CTS
¥_CTS
(II3SUHQ4G0HSPGIV03QA/SRC/0/DZ# ! 25
;¥_CTS
XGB3SUHQ4G0HSPGIV03QA/SRC/0/DZ5
Q
;?
BW_Cê4>u
¥
(II3S0HZ3S# >5
;¥
XGB3S0HZ3S5
;"
cê4
,S3H/WUHQ4G0HS# ;
U
"
_ê4
,S3H/WU3QQ30# ;
W
"
WVWê4
,S3H/WWFPS/GQQC3HBC# ;
R
"
±¤Åê4
,S3H/WR/S/GQ5
??
«;¥!
#
2
!
_Cê4
!
e_Q=oð
pI§Êè
#
!
$
2&ªT*àë_C
!
"Ñ£V¦
!
ê4VÐ
#
!
#! $
2bìîÁ½
_C
!
XÊèê4â
!
JoVðp°
*CDÊè2;E½©®
!
T*WY«R;o
$
}!
$
2¹!
:
2
!
;¥_Cê4íèQ
:!
ê4Ö¤"O¬c3V¦ò
$
½í
!
VWê4¤"O¬V¦î_Cê4V¦
Q?ê¥
!
UVWê4v"O¬
%
};¹
&
qZ~#Åî9îÿ
!
Êm;>
%-F$,3!
$%##&
lV34½â¤"O¬};
¨V¦
$
±¤"ê4Q_ê4Lv"O¬q
þ#Åî9îÿ
$
Lë3_Cê
4¤"O¬};¨VÐ
$
¥_C«eâê½³ÍÒÙ
!
_C
TSÒÐ
!
ê4^_
$
zʽê43¶
!
_
¤ê4Q±¤"ê4Ð
!
VWê4cê4Í
5
$
½í
!
_ê4v"O¬q#Åî
:#
& ( )
!"
"
?
Q
8?
BW_Cê4Ö
!
¨Vê4¤"O¬V¦¨Vq©
$
B8ë3_Cê4^_
Ð
$
7?
f
Woǹ;à_CTSk®½a¥Q;
¥
$
¥
$
BW_Cê4a
%1%7" 7 @%1$!; $
AA
$
#
_¤ê4a
% @%1%9" 9 AA
$
#
£\±¤
Åê4a
%1%%% 9 @%1#!8 " AA
$
#
VWê4
a
%1%78 " @%1#!7 ; AA
$
$
BW;¥_C2;©
®
!
«eâê;2;
!
_CTSÒ
!
ê4
Ö¤"O¬c3V¦ò
#
¥_C
«eâê½³ÍÒÙ
!
_CTSÒÐ
!
ê4
^_
$
zʽê43¶
!
_¤ê4Q±¤"
ê4Ð
!
VWê4cê4Í5
$
Q
"?
BW_CkÊ*Iê4_íè
:?
;¥_Cê4_íè
%!
$R
!7
w
&
?!
#$
# rssI
"
BW_CDêTSk_íè
Z [ + ,
ï
!
®
?
$
5#:"$5
î±ðJWæeBk_C
5
¯°±
!
²
5
W¾;>³´
! #%#& "#%9 6#7%5
&
!
Å
?
5$%%95
Wð(½æ);>5
W¾;>³´
! $!
%#& "# 6;5
·#`
!
µ¶·
!
\]^
5#:;%5
¡3õWHÍÒeBJn
5
ã
)Æ
!"%#& "$9 67%5
·#`
!
µ¶·
!
\]^
5#:;$5
¡3õWHÍÒeBJnOÆ
5
ã)Æ
! #%%#& "#9 67"5
^
?
!
^
!
¸`
!
I
5$%%:5
BWYd_CfQb½
é
5
«i&Ð))Æ
! 78%#& "#%9 6#%;5
\]^
!
ðjM
!
¹º»
!
I
5#::75
=3Q?WHñJ°~
5
Ш
"
Ш-¼½
5
_A&
!
\]^
5#:;!5
3õ
77
¡WHG¬`àVTS°;
>
5
&()
!:%!& "7## 677#5
,AHVH&! YGI3EHBH+! *HDHQ3=! $,3!#::;5+C3A34CHIF4H0QBSG4BGS3Q
/WPHAP//QFI UF3TR/FIB/WWGI4BF/IH0ZDSHVF3IBHIV 4/AR/QFB3
AHB3SFH0Q5N/GSIH0/W/AR/QFB3YHB3SFH0Q! 7%%8& ""%% 6"#:5
,AHVH&! (4CFEHTH=! YGI3EHBH+! $,3!#::85
)IDFI33SFID! $"%# ]$& "#7 6$%5
,AHVH&! fIBH/&5$%%#5
2FID=! -F3Q3J5#::95XI BC3I/VH0QBSG4BGS3/WPHAP//5N/GSIH0/W
>HAP//i3Q3HS4C! #!%#& "$! 67$5
eCHUHAFg! ,0HA3C & Y! &jI4C3mY-! $,3!$%%75YG0BFQ4H03QBGVZ/W
PHAP//9#53/&,)#5&$8.3-&!N/t/K3QQ/H! >SHmF0" KS/433VFID/W
(,*XY,+5
eS/QQ3S2! -F3Q3J5#:8#5XI BC3HIHB/AZ/W,QFHI PHAP//Q!TFBC QR34FH0
S3W3S3I43B/BC3FSUHQ4G0HSPGIV03Q5J//V &4F3I43HIV +34CI/0/DZ! 9
%!& "$:% 67#$5
NFHIDO3CGF5$%%$5>HAP//HIV iHBHI FI BC3J/S0V5&C3IZHID! CFIH"
-FH/IFID&4F3I43HIV +34CI/0/DZKGP0FQCFIDM/GQ35
-FM/IDP/! &C3I &C3IDRFID5$%##5+C3A34CHIF4H0RS/R3SBF3Q/WPHAP//
HIV UHQ4G0HSPGIV03Q5YHB3SFH0Qi3Q3HS4C &/4F3BZ! $; % $# & " $8!:
6$89;5
*/DHBH>HAP//5/AR/QFB3Q)IDFI33SFID! 9%8& "8!7 689#5
&RGSS, i5#:;:5, 0/T[UFQ4/QFBZ3R/^ZS3QFI 3AP3VVFIDA3VFGA W/S
3034BS/I AF4S/Q4/RZ5N/GSIH0/Wf0BSHQBSG4BGS3i3Q3HS4C! $; % # ]$ & "
7# 6!75
!
!"#$
?
3
?
4
"
#$