用AFLP技术对29个木瓜属品种的亲缘关系进行分析。用8对引物(EcoRⅠ+3/MseⅠ+3)对基因组DNA进行选择性扩增,共获得1 095条扩增带,其中1 035条具有多态性,多态带百分率达94.52%,揭示木瓜品种具有丰富的遗传多样性。采用NTSYS-PC软件的DICE法计算样本间的相似系数,UPGMA法进行聚类分析。结果表明: 品种间的相似系数在0.465 0~0.833 9之间,具有相似形态特征的品种优先相聚,29个品种可以划分为4类,且基本对应着贴梗海棠、日本木瓜、木瓜海棠和傲大贴梗海棠,但品种‘猩红与金黄’宜归入贴梗海棠内,而‘碧雪’的分类地位值得进一步探讨。说明AFLP标记技术能较好地揭示木瓜属种质资源的亲缘关系及演化规律。
The phylogenetic relationship of 29 Chaenomeles cultivars was analyzed using AFLP. Eight pairs of primers (EcoRⅠ+3/MseⅠ+3) were used to selectively amplify the genomic DNA of the cultivars. In total, 1 095 bands were obtained, and 1 035 of them were polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphic bands was 94.52%. This showed that Chaenomeles had abundant genetic diversity. The similarity coefficients were calculated using DICE method of NTSYS-PC software, and clustering was carried with UPGMA. The similarity coefficients among cultivars varied from 0.465 0 to 0.833 9. Those cultivars with similar morphological characteristics were usually clustered preferably, and therefore, the 29 cultivars could be classified into 4 groups based on AFLP molecular markers data. The 4 groups apparently matched to C. speciosa, C. japonica, C. cathayensis and C. × superba respectively. The cultivar ‘Crimson and Gold’ should be included into C. speciosa, however the taxonomy for cultivar ‘Bixue’ needed further work. It showed that AFLP was efficient to reveal the phylogenetic relationship and the evolutionary course of Chaenomeles germplasms.
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