为进行立木无损健康检测,采用Arbotom应力波成像系统、Resistograph针式阻抗仪和RSM-SY5超声仪对4个树种共计120株树分断面进行测试,研究超声波和应力波在立木108个无缺陷断面传播速度变化规律,并对比分析二者的差异和相关性。结果表明: 1) 采用8个测点对立木测试时,超声波和应力波在立木无缺陷断面具有类似的传播规律,即沿Path A(相邻两传感器)传播时速度最低,沿Path D(径向传播)传播时速度最高,从Path A到Path D传播速度呈递增的变化趋势; 2) 对于小叶杨、榆树、旱柳、水曲柳4种立木, Arbotom测得的无缺陷断面应力波径向传播速度平均值分别为788.46,1 025.45,940.62和1 146.06 m ·s-1; RSM-SY5测得的超声波径向传播速度平均值分别为1 159.57,1 537.5,1 323.15和1 558.6 m ·s-1; 3) 尽管Arbotom和RSM-SY5测得的应力波和超声波传播速度差值较大,但二者的径向传播速度具有显著正相关性,决定系数R2均在0.77以上,因此采用这2种仪器对立木进行无损检测都是可行的。
In order to make nondestructive evaluation of the health of standing trees,120 standing trees including 4 species were detected by Arobotom,Resistograph and RSM-SY5 ultrasonic instrument respectively. The data on the propagation velocity of stress wave and ultrasonic wave transmitting in indefectible cross section of standing trees were analyzed. Results showed that: when standing tree was detected with 8 testing points, stress and ultrasonic wave transmitted most slowly along Path A (adjacent point) and most quickly along Path D(radial direction) on indefectible cross section, the propagation velocity was increasing from Path A to Path D. For indefectible Populus simonii,Ulmus pumila,Salix matsudana and Fraxinus mandshurica,the radial propagation velocity of stress wave tested by Arobotom was 788.46,1 025.45,940.62 and 1 146.06 m ·s-1 respectively; the corresponding radial propagation velocity of ultrasonic wave tested by RSM-SY5 was 1 159.57,1 537.5,1 323.15 and 1 558.6 m ·s-1 respectively. Through regression analysis,the correlation between the radial propagation velocity of stress wave and ultrasonic wave was significant,R2>0.77,so it was feasible to non-destructive test standing trees with these two instruments.
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