粗木质残体(CWD)是森林生态系统重要的组成要素,由于定量研究某特定区域CWD的贮量和碳量的工作量相当大,需要长期的研究才能获得可信的数据, 因此有关全球森林生态系统CWD的贮量和碳量仍不太清楚。本文根据国内外研究结果综述全球不同森林中CWD的贮量和碳库情况。结果表明:温带针叶林CWD贮量最高(30~200 t ·hm-2),而阔叶林最低(8~50 t ·hm-2); 全球森林CWD碳贮量范围大致为75~114或157 Pg。各森林CWD贮量值变化大,因林龄、CWD分解阶段和人类经营活动(如疏伐、皆伐和控制火烧)而异。今后需更广泛地开展森林CWD调查,以更深刻理解CWD与林分结构、树种特性及干扰的关系。此外,为了更准确地评价CWD在森林生态系统中的生态价值,建议在更大尺度上对全球各类森林的CWD贮量和碳库进行长期的研究。
Coarse woody debris (CWD) is an essential component of forests. However, quantification of both the storage and carbon stock of CWD in a given environment requires long-term studies conducted for collecting viable data, which is a fairly labor-intensive work. As a result, the storage and carbon stock of CWD in forest ecosystems are not clear. In this review, we attempt to compile all available estimates of CWD storage and carbon pool in a variety of forest ecosystems over the world. Global studies on CWD storage in various forest ecosystems found the highest CWD storage in temperate coniferous forests ranging 30-200 t ·hm-2, and the lowest in broad-leaved forests ranging 8-50 t ·hm-2. Also, global stores of carbon in CWD approximately range from 75 to 114 or 157 Pg. The CWD storage data varied substantially with stand age, decomposition stage and management practice (e.g. thinning, clear-cutting and prescribed burning). More extensive investigation of CWD in forest ecosystems is needed to develop a functional understanding of relationships between CWD, stand structure, species attributes and disturbance history. Further long-term studies on CWD storage and carbon pool sizes in a variety of forest types are required at larger scales in order to be able to evaluate accurately the ecological value of CWD in forest ecosystems.
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