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Mingling of Evergreen BroadLeaved Forests in Tianmu Mountain Based on Voronoi Diagram

基于Voronoi图的天目山常绿阔叶林混交度


在浙江天目山国家级自然保护区内,选择较典型的常绿阔叶林设置大小为100 m×100 m的样地,用全站仪测定每株树木的三维坐标;提出基于Voronoi图的混交度M V,并对M V和传统混交度 M 进行比较分析。结果表明:M V通过Voronoi图的相邻多边形确定对象木的最近邻木,比 M 能更准确地描述种间相互隔离关系;在常绿阔叶林群落中,单株树木的混交度M和M V均随胸径的增加而增大;群落平均混交度M=0.720 7,V=0.743 1,表明不同树种之间的相互隔离程度较高;群落优势种群的平均混交度低于非优势种群,常绿种群的平均混交度低于非常绿种群,其原因是细叶青冈、青冈和短尾柯既是优势种群,又是常绿种群,且它们具有聚集繁殖特性。

One typical plot of 100 m×100 m was surveyed in Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Province. Total station was used to measure threedimension coordinates of trees. Mingling index (M V) was calculated based on Voronoi diagram, and M V was compared with traditional mingling M . The results showed that: M V reflected real situation because the nearest neighbors was determined by Voronoi diagram. M V was more accurate than M in describing interspecific separate relation. In the evergreen broadleaved forest, individual trees M and M V increased with DBH. Average mingling of the evergreen broadleaved forest community was respectively M =0.720 7 and V=0.743 1, which suggested there was a high degree of interspecific separation. Average mingling of dominant populations was lower than that of nondominant populations, and average mingling of evergreen species was lower than that of nonevergreen species. Cyclobalanopsis myrsinaefolia, C. glauca and Lithocarpus brevicaudatus in the forest are propagated in clusters, and they are not only dominant populations but also evergreen species, which likely illustrated the low average minglings of dominant populations and evergreen species.


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