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作 者 ：邢世岩 有祥亮 李可贵 董金伟 樊纪欣

期 刊 ：林业科学 1998年 34卷 3期 页码：51-58

关键词：银杏；雄株；花粉；生活力；生物学特性；

Keywords:Ginkgo biloba, Male tree, Pollen, Vitality, Biological feature,

摘 要 ：对从泰安和郯城共5050株银杏雄株中筛选出的26个优良单株的开花生物学特性进行了研究。这些单株具有花期长、花粉量大及花粉生活力强等特点。相关分析和方差分析结果表明,随海拔高度的增加,花期逐渐延长,但小孢子叶球数/短枝下降。每米长枝上的短枝数最高达45个。短枝长与小孢子叶球数/短枝呈极呈著的正相关。3年生枝段短枝开花率最高,达96%。每个短枝上小孢子叶球数最高达6.45个,每个小孢子叶球最多含花药58个,每个花药含有花粉粒最高达2.3×10⁴个,平均每个小孢子叶球含花粉粒达65×10⁴个。14^#单株出粉率达6.83%。一株45年生雄株可产花粉165g。花粉生活力平均为92%。授粉后座果率90%,有胚率91%。

Abstract:The biological features of flowering were studied in 26 superior individual male Ginkgo biloba trees selected from 5050 male trees in Taian and Tancheng of Shandong Province. These superior male trees possess the features of florescence long, a large number of pollens, and high vitality of pollens, etc. The results of analysis of correlation and variance show that the florescence prolongs with raising elevation, but numbers of microstrobil per short shoot(sh.sh.) decrease evidently. The maximum number of short shoots per meter of long shoot(l.sh.) is 45. There is a significant positive correlation between the length of short shoot and the microstrobil numbers per short shoot. The flowering percentage of short shoot of 3yearold segment is the highest, amounting to 96%. The maximum microstrobil per short shoot is 645, the maximum anther per microstrobil is 58, the maximum pollen grain per anther is 23000. There are 650000 pollen grains in per microstrobil averagely. The pollen productivity of No.14 tree is 6.83%. A 45yearold male tree can yield 165g pollen. The mean vitality of pollen reaches 92%. Seed production percentage is 90% after pollination, the percentage of embryo in seeds is more than 91%.

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