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作 者 ：黄金水 丁珌 黄衍庆 黄海清 高美玲

期 刊 ：林业科学 1999年 35卷 2期 页码：57-64

关键词：木麻黄；基本营养物质；酚类化合物；木材纤维；抗虫性；

Keywords:Casuarina, Basic nutrient material, Phenolic compound, Wood fibre, Insect resistance,

摘 要 ：本文报道了几种不同抗虫性能木麻黄的基本营养物质、酚类等化学物质及木材纤维形态等检测结果,分析了木麻黄化学和形态因素与星天牛危害的关系,探讨了木麻黄抗虫机理。木麻黄树皮中的基本营养物质含量的分布差异不显著,木质部的则有明显差异,即随抗虫性能增强而含量降低,造成各品系木麻黄木材内部环境差异,形成蛀干害虫星天牛生存环境的差异。高感品系C₂₃可溶性总糖含量(2.80%)明显高于高抗品系C₄₄(0.62%),是高抗品系的4.52倍;游离氨基酸含量:高感品系C₂₃(1.857g)是高抗品系C₄₄(0.955g)的1.94倍;同时采用葡萄糖溶液和清水对比浸泡木段,木段模拟蛀道接星天牛幼虫饲养试验,也验证了葡萄糖含量的增加有利于星天牛幼虫生存率的提高,说明木质部营养物质的含量与星天牛幼虫生长发育密切相关。酚类化合物中如邻苯二酚、咖啡酸在高抗品系C₄₄中含量明显高于其它品系。木材纤维形态,高抗品系C₄₄木材纤维平均长度为0.77mm,平均宽度为12.07μm,长宽比为63.6,是所有参试品系中最大的,说明该品系木材韧性最强,抗弯强度最高,造成星天牛啃食困难,与其既抗虫又抗风的性能相吻合。

Abstract:The detecting results of the basic nutrient materials,the chemical substance content of phenolic type,etc.and the wood fibre morphology of 4 Casuarina species with different insectresistant performances were reported, the relation between the chemical and morphological factors of Casuarina spp. and the harm of Anoplophora chinensis was analysed and the insectresistant mechanism of Casuarina spp.was studied.The distribution difference of basic nutrient material content in the Casuarina barks was not notable whereas that in their xylems was obvious,i.e. their content reduced with their insect-resistant performance enhancement,which caused the wood internal environmental difference of different strains of Casuarina and formed the living environmental difference of A. chinensis,the boleboring injurious insect.The soluble total carbohydrate content in the highly sensitive Strain C₂₃(2.80%) was obviously higher than that in the highly resistant Strain C₄₄(0.62%) and was 4.52 times as high as the latter.The free aminoacid content in the C₂₃(1.857g) was 1.94 times as high as that in the C₄₄(0.955g).Meanwhile by adopting the glucose solution and the clear water(for a contrast)respectively to soak Casuarina segments and imitating the burrows with the segments to inoculate A. chinensis larvae for a feeding experiment,it was also tested and verified that the enhancement of the glucose content was advantageous to the enhancement of the larva living rate,which illustrated that the chemical nutrient material content in the xylems was closely realted to the larval growth and development.The phenolic compound (such as catechol or caffeic acid) content in the highly resistant Strain C₄₄ was obviously higher than that in the other strains.The average wood fibre length of the C₄₄ was 0.77mm,its average fibre width was 12.07μm and its ratio of length to width was 63.6.Its wood fibre was the thickest and strongest in that of all the strains,which illustrated that its fibre tenacity was the strongest and its bending strength was the highest to cause A. chinensis to nibble difficultly and also illustrated that its wood fibre status tallied with its performance of both insect resistance and wind resistance.

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