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Distribution Patterns of Ratio of Root to Soil and Soil Physical Chemical Characteristics at the Different Degraded Successional Stages in an Alpine Meadow

不同退化演替阶段高寒草甸群落根土比和土壤理化特征分布格局



全 文 :!23" !6#
 Vol.23  No.6
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ACTA AGRESTIA SINICA
   2015$  11%
  Nov.  2015
犱狅犻:10.11733/j.issn.10070435.2015.06.004
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犇犻狊狋狉犻犫狌狋犻狅狀犘犪狋狋犲狉狀狊狅犳犚犪狋犻狅狅犳犚狅狅狋狋狅犛狅犻犾犪狀犱犛狅犻犾犘犺狔狊犻犮犪犾犆犺犲犿犻犮犪犾
犆犺犪狉犪犮狋犲狉犻狊狋犻犮狊犪狋狋犺犲犇犻犳犳犲狉犲狀狋犇犲犵狉犪犱犲犱犛狌犮犮犲狊狊犻狅狀犪犾犛狋犪犵犲狊犻狀犪狀犃犾狆犻狀犲犕犲犪犱狅狑
ZIHongbiao1,HULei1,ADELuji1,WANGChangting2
(1.ColegeofTibetanPlateauResearch,SouthwestUniversityforNationalities,Chengdu,SichuanProvince610041,China;
2.ColegeofLifeandTechnology,SouthwestUniversityforNationalities,Chengdu,SichuanProvince610041,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Toexplorethechangesofratioofroottosoilandsoilphysiochemicalproperties,ayieldexperi
mentwascarriedoutatdifferentdegradedsuccessionalstages(PV:Primaryvegetation,LD:Lightdegra
dation,MD:Moderatedegradation,HD:Heavydegradation)inHaibeiResearchStationofAlpineMead
owEcosystem.Theresultsshowedthattheratioofroottosoilincreasedwiththedegradationofalpine
meadow,whilesignificantlydecreasedwiththeincreasesoildepth.Meanwhile,soilbulkdensitysignifi
cantlyincreasedwiththeincreaseofsoildepth,butsoilwatercontent,totalnitrogen,totalphosphorus,
availablephosphorus,andavailablepotassiumweresignificantlyreduced.Intheprocessofdegradation,
thegrazinghadasignificanteffectonthecontentsoftopsoil(0~10cm)nutrient(totalnitrogen,available
phosphorus,availablepotassium)andsoilphysicalcharacteristics(soilwatercontent,soilbulkdensity).
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:Alpinemeadow;Degradationsuccessionalstages;Ratioofroottosoil;Soilphysiochemical
properties
CDEF
:20141023;GHEF:20150413
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101°10.668′E,3ê3200~3250m。$ã¸it
-1.7℃,1%ºã¸it-14.8℃,7%ºã¸it
9.8℃。$ã¸ÎŒº600mm,Š‹ÎŒºX=”
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meadow)、^ _“”(alpineshrub)e>?]`a
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q]`a¾þ?–Š‹l`?1

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á`

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(犃狊狋犲狉犪犻狀犪)、4G¸
(犌犲狀狋犻犪狀狅狆狊犻狊狆犪犾狌犱狅狊犪)、^ 5ÝÞ`(犜犺犪犾犻犮狋狉狌犿
犪犾狆犻狀狌犿)、ê³è1V(犌狌犲犾犱犲狀狊狋犪犲犱狋犻狊犱犻狏犲狉狊犻犳狅
犾犻犪)、Á•»« (犔犻犵狌犾犪狉犻犪犵犪狌狉犲犪)、ý³K®
(犃犼犪狀犻犪狋犲狀狌犻犳狅犾犻犪)、à  Ú Û Ü (犘狅狋犲狀狋犻犾犾犪
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Table1Geographicalandplantcharacteristicsofthestudysitesin犓狅犫狉犲狊犻犪狆狔犵犿犪犲犪meadow
µ†
Item
qGŽW
Primaryvegetation(PV)
ÑÐ\]
Lightgrazing(LD)
=Ð\]
Moderategrazing(MD)
QÐ\]
Heavygrazing(HD)
ˆÌLocation
37°39.910′N
101°10.741′E
37°39.957′N
101°10.662′E
37°39.935′N
101°10.668′E
37°40.064′N
101°10.697′E
3ê Altitude/m 3225 3200 3250 3240
ÄÐeÄÊ
Slopeandaspect
25°,SW 15°,SW 15°,SW 15°,SW
AÍ1Soiltype AMS AMS AMS AMS
ŽJ67
Plantspeciescomposition
zÃJ¾Ø`
(犓狅犫狉犲
狊犻犪狆狔犵犿犪犲犪),/GJÙ

(犉犲狊狋狌犮犪狅狏犻狀犪)、ê
ëì
(犛狋犻狆犪犪犾犻犲狀犪)、^
5¦§
(犃狊狋犲狉犪犻狀犪)、š
µÚÛÜ
(犘狅狋犲狀狋犻犾犾犪犪狀
狊犲狉犻狀犲)¡
zÃJ¾Ø`
(犓狅犫狉犲
狊犻犪狆狔犵犿犪犲犪),/GJê
ëì
(犛狋犻狆犪犪犾犻犲狀犪)、^
5¦§
(犃狊狋犲狉犪犻狀犪)、4
G  ¸
(犌犲狀狋犻犪狀狅狆狊犻狊
狆犪犾狌犱狅狊犪)、 ^ 5 Ý Þ
(犜犺犪犾犻犮狋狉狌犿犪犾狆犻狀狌犿)¡
zÃJØ`
(犓狅犫狉犲狊犻犪
狆狔犵犿犪犲犪)、šµÚÛÜ
(犘狅狋犲狀狋犻犾犾犪犪狀狊犲狉犻狀犲),/
GJ¾^5¦§
(犃狊狋犲狉
犪犻狀犪)、4 G  ¸ (犌犲狀
狋犻犪狀狅狆狊犻狊狆犪犾狌犱狅狊犪)、^
5 Ý Þ `
(犜犺犪犾犻犮狋狉狌犿
犪犾狆犻狀狌犿)、ê ³ è 1 V
(犌狌犲犾犱犲狀狊狋犪犲犱狋犻狊犱犻狏犲狉
狊犻犳狅犾犻犪)¡
zÃJšµÚÛÜ
(犘狅
狋犲狀狋犻犾犾犪犪狀狊犲狉犻狀犲)、Á•ª
«
(犔犻犵狌犾犪狉犻犪犵犪狌狉犲犪)/
GJ4G¸
(犌犲狀狋犻犪狀狅狆
狊犻狊狆犪犾狌犱狅狊犪)、ý ³ K ®
(犃犼犪狀犻犪狋犲狀狌犻犳狅犾犻犪)¡
?—Gº
Abovegroundbiomass/%
100 70~85 50~70 <50
&ÐCoverage/% >85 70~85 50~69.9 <50
zˆ5`l˜o
Proportionof
Palatableherbage/%
>70 50~70 30~50 <30
ÈBAÍÅÐ
Thethicknessofthe
surfacesoil/%
100 65~80 40~65 <40
  Ô:SW:6Å;AMS:^ _`aAÍ
Note:SW:Southwest;AMS:Alpinemeadowsoil
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AÍ×AӖ
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~30cm >30~40cm(犘 <0.05);0~10cmAB
×AQºo!"^H10~40cmAB(犘 <0.05),
10~20,20~30e30~40cmAB×AQºoy!
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v2 ()¢£ýþÿ! #,->mÉÂ@犃犖犗犞犃X„(0~40犮犿)
Table2 ANOVAforphysicalpropertiesinthe0~40cmsoilprofileunderdifferentdegradedsuccessionalstages

Factors
犱犳
×AӖo
Volumeratioofroottosoil
×AQºo
Weightratioofroottosoil
AÍúQ
Soilbulkdensity
A͌x
Soilmoisture
犉 犘 犉 犘 犉 犘 犉 犘
¾@ Treatment 3 11.836 <0.001 8.110 <0.001 14.742 <0.001 13.938 <0.001
ABÚÐ Depth 3 97.700 <0.001 63.332 <0.001 151.555 <0.001 174.21 <0.001
ABÚÐ×¾@
Depth×Treatment
9 12.989 <0.001 4.462 <0.001 40.730 <0.001 12.197 <0.001
  Ô:,x2È6!"eé!"M=(犘<0.05,<0.01)
Note:,indicatessignificantcorrelationatthe0.05andthe0.01level,respectively,thesameasbelow
W1 ()¢£ýþÿ!" 6Ä.d0?.@Å£
Fig.1 Changesofratioofroot/soil(V/VandW/W)indifferentdegradedsuccessionalstages
Ô

£¤3ͱÈM¤\]ÜÝÂO£¤ABñù×AӖoAQºoaê!"

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Note:Differentlowercaselettersindicatesignificantdifferencebetweendifferentsoildepth;Differentcapitallettersindicatesignificant
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weightratioofroot/soil.Thesameasbelow
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Table3 ANOVAofchemicalpropertiesinthe0~40cmsoilprofilesofdifferentdegradedsuccessionalstages

Factors
犱犳
A͹¦
Soiltotal
nitrogen
AͧH¦
Soilnitrate
nitrogen
AÍë
Soiltotal
phosphorus
Aͱ—
Soilavailable
phosphate
AÍël
Soiltotal
potassium
Aͱ—l
Soilavailable
potassium
犉 犘 犉 犘 犉 犘 犉 犘 犉 犘 犉 犘
¾@ Treatment 3 11.153<0.001 3.391 0.023 13.755<0.001 4.458 0.007 3.882 0.013 25.121<0.001
ABÚÐ Depth 3 273.772<0.001 0.182 0.909 25.102<0.00125.556<0.001 3.586 0.018 69.529<0.001
ABÚÐ×¾@
Depth×Treatment
9 13.038<0.001 0.377 0.942 0.975 0.469 1.573 0.143 0.150 0.998 0.206 0.993
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Fig.4 Changesofsoiltotalphosphorusandavailablephosphorusindifferentdegradedsuccessionalstages
2.2.3 chpterst]Hg sÈ3su,
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2.3 ()¢£ýþÿ!" .d #m£ÉÂ@
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Table3 Thecorrelationanalysisbetweenroot/soilandsoilphysiochemicalpropertyindifferentdegradedsuccessionalstages
µ†
Item
¹¦
TotalN/%
§H¦
NN/g·kg-1
±—
AP/g·kg-1
ë
TP/%
±—l
AK/g·kg-1
ël
TP/g·kg-1
Œx
Moisture/%
AÍúQ
SBD/g·cm-3
qGŽW
PV
×AӖo
Volumeratio
ofroot/soil
0.793 -0.145 0.754 -0.094 0.516 0.450 0.813 -0.628
×AQºo
Weightratio
ofroot/soil
0.789 0.067 0.753 -0.130 0.457 0.339 0.760 -0.729
ÑÐ\]
LD
×AӖo
Volumeratio
ofroot/soil
0.791 0.077 0.440 0.646 0.914 0.152 0.797 -0.746
×AQºo
Weightratio
ofroot/soil
0.816 -0.001 0.302 0.428 0.830 -0.104 0.786 -0.713
=Ð\]
MD
×AӖo
Volumeratio
ofroot/soil
0.806 -0.314 0.689 0.726 0.781 0.326 0.770 -0.790
×AQºo
Weightratio
ofroot/soil
0.882 -0.267 0.742 0.639 0.793 0.265 0.899 -0.777
QÐg5
HD
×AӖo
Volumeratio
ofroot/soil
0.894 0.097 0.784 0.499 0.860 0.055 0.866 -0.840
×AQºo
Weightratio
ofroot/soil
0.904 0.102 0.830 0.483 0.918 0.117 0.887 -0.817
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