免费文献传递   相关文献

Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Variation Characteristics of Alfalfa Grassland in Loess Plateau Area

黄土高原苜蓿草地土壤碳、氮变化特征研究



全 文 :!!"
"
!
!
#
#
!
$%&!"
!
(%#
!
!
"
!
#
!
$
)*+) ),-./+0) /0(0*)
!!!
1"2
$
!
""
%
!
(%3
!!
!1"2
!"#
!
"1""422
"
5
6778"11491:2;!1"21#11#
Zî/[\]#¥îï^
*
_ÿ!󨼽
A
!

"
#
!
#
A‚ƒ
"
#
!
#
>„…
"
#
!
#
#
(C†
"
#
!
#
>‡ˆ
"
#
!
#
‰Š
"
#
!
#
‹Œ
"
#
!
#
Ž
"
#
!
$
"
Æ7:8@A<=99L67:;IJB :;<Æ7Zõ³xw?T©TѪ™wDEFG6
#
ÊÆ jk
4"!"11
%
!
Æ7:8@A<=:=B
#
ÊÆ jk
4"!"11
&
./
!
ŽZõ³xHLT§$ÿ„¸ô
"
#
2
#
;
#
"1
$ÚÛ
$
!"#$%&

()&*$+&
&
,HSš›Hõö[™XëÌ·°ç
ÝIJ

€ƒð=
!
‰
1
"
211RL
õ„
#
²ÎT§$ÿÚÛ,HSš›HõöYÕ[
*
&™ªBi™)‘,õ„
!¶ê´2|˜4_

¯$ÿÚÛ,H‘‰
1
"
!11RL
õ„¼YU³XõöYÕ[)
#
ø¤¥÷9‰
1
"
=1RL
õ„0
#
NYÕ[)">³ß¼|õ„š›H
$
I
$
11;
&%
"1@
S
;@
ÚÛ,H³õö[)`">
$
I
$
11;
&
‰
1
"
#1RL
õ„
#
ÚÛ,Hõö&™),T§$ÿXg§3ê´
#
2@
¼ZÚÛ,HŽ
#1
"
=1RL
õ„
õö&™ê´`ô">
#
;@
S
"1@
ÚÛ,H">ê´e
1
"
211RL
õö&™)

;@
#
"1@
S
2@
ÚÛ,H‘"
>³e
1
"
211RL
õöBi™)
#
ø‰
":1RL
¼Zõ„³õö™YZVXwޑU/

2@
¼ZÚÛ,H
">³e
#1RL
¼Zõ„XœÑ™)
#
">˜†e
":1
"
!:1RL
õ„XœÑ™)
$
I
$
11;
&#
<õeœÑ™
¥õö!„XÉ
#
Œ³e
#1RL
¼|õ„Xhљ)
#
T§}#ð.wÞ²="

yy
#
†ÚÛT§
;@
¼
D
#
Rçݞw¼¡,õöX[™-6

012
!
Zõ³x
%
ÚÛ
%
T§$ÿ
%
[™ëÌ
34567
!
/";=2
!!!!
89:;<
!
)
!!!!!
8=>7
!
"11491:2;
$
!1"2
&
1#9"142914
J"#/-,%+"3,3!I#0%"
&
3Q,%#,0#"3-6,%,80%#(0#8(")
7/),/),M%,((/,3!#3T"(($/,0,.7%,
^)(,bJQ8
"
#
!
#
^)(,b69
P
C
"
#
!
#
E)(>68
D
9S@8
D
"
#
!
#
#
H0 Q^89
5
68
D
"
#
!
#
E)(H698@
"
#
!
#
V68
D
-C69[6@
"
#
!
#
G0)bJ69YC@8
"
#
!
#
A)(,T@%9
W
68
D
"
#
!
$
"087K6KCKQ%S @^KQO/@368
D
)
D
O6RC&KCOQ68)O6N)OQ@7%S*J68@
#
(%OKJXQ7K)eaB863QO76K
P
"
UQ
P
H@M%O@K%O
P
%S
*O%
W
ZJ
P
769QR%&%
DP
@8N+6&@
D
Q68(%OKJXQ7KQO8H%Q77Z&@KQ@C
#
I6867KQO%S)
D
O6RC&KCOQ
#
A@8
D
&68
D
#
/J@@8[6ZO%368RQ4"!"11
#
*J68@
%
!*%&Q
D
Q%S)
D
O%8%L
P
#
(%OKJXQ7K)eaB863QO76K
P
#
A@8
D
&68
D
#
/J@@8[6ZO%368RQ4"!"11
#
*J68@
&
?@AB
!
!1"291:9!2
%
CDAB
!
1"291#9"2
EFGH
!
”
(
¹º»
)
@AÖÂáí
$
!1"!T)V1&%
³e=4=@A?S)áí
$
T"!114
&%
Æ7:8@A<=`p@I;Oߘ™

$
*?!11<1!
&
˜™
+IJK
!
ö×
$
"<=#9
&#
œ
#
0>?\]k
#
¢£IJT
#
¤¥¦§9L:;TÑõöIJ
#
.9L@6&
!
X@8
D
\JQ8
3
\@
P
3
!11=
!
"#2R%L
%
#
BF
wo
)CKJ%OS%OR%OOQ7
W
%8NQ8RQ
#
.9L@6&
!
J@8
]
S==
!
8X7C@SQNCR8
7+(0%,80
!
+JQ3@O6@K6%8RJ@O@RKQO67K6R7%S7%6&R@OM%8@8N86KO%
D
Q868@&S@&S@
D
O@77&@8NX6KJN6SSQOQ8K
D
O%XKJ
P
Q@O7@8NS@&%XXQOQ7KCN6QN68KJQH%Q77Z&@KQ@C-Q7C&K77J%XQNKJ@KKJQ7%6&%O
D
@86RR@OM%8
#
K%K@&869
KO%
D
Q8@8N@3@6&@M&Q86KO%
D
Q8R%8KQ8K7%S@&KQ7KQN@&S@&S@
D
O@77&@8N@8NS@&%XNQROQ@7QN681
"
211RL7%6&
&@
P
QO7X6KJKJQ68ROQ@7Q%S7%6&NQ
W
KJ+JQ7%6&%O
D
@86RR@OM%8R%8KQ8K7%SKQ7KQN@&S@&S@
D
O@77&@8NXQOQ
J6
D
JQO681
"
!11RL7%6&&@
P
QO7R%L
W
@OQNK%%KJQO7/%6&R@OM%8R%8KQ8K7XQOQ76
D
86S6R@8K&
P
6L
W
O%3QN68KJQ
@&S@&S@
D
O@77&@8N7%S;@8N"1
D
O%XKJ
P
Q@O7
$
I
$
11;
&
+JQ7%6&K%K@&(R%8KQ8K7%SKJQ1
"
#1RL7%6&&@
P
9
QO768ROQ@7QNX6KJKJQ
D
O%XKJ
P
Q@O7%S@&S@&S@
D
O@77&@8N68ROQ@768
D
+JQ@&S@&S@
D
O@77&@8N%SL%OQKJ@82
D
O%XKJ
P
Q@O776
D
86S6R@8K&
P
68ROQ@7QNKJQ7%6&K%K@&86KO%
D
Q8%S#1
"
"=1RL7%6&&@
P
QO7+JQ@&S@&S@
D
O@77&@8N7
%S;@8N"1
D
O%XKJ
P
Q@O776
D
86S6R@8K&
P
68ROQ@7QNKJQK%K@&86KO%
D
Q8R%8KQ8K7%S1
"
211RL7%6&&@
P
QO7+JQ
@&S@&S@
D
O@77&@8N7%S2
#
;@8N"1
D
O%XKJ
P
Q@O776
D
86S6R@8K&
P
68ROQ@7QNKJQ7%6&@3@6&@M&Q86KO%
D
Q8R%8KQ8K7%S
1
"
211RL7%6&&@
P
QO7+JQ@&S@&S@
D
O@77&@8N7%SL%OQKJ@82
D
O%XKJ
P
Q@O776
D
86S6R@8K&
P
68ROQ@7QNKJQ86KO@KQ
86KO%
D
Q8R%8KQ8K7%S@M%3Q#1RL7%6&&@
P
QO7
#
NQROQ@7QNKJQ86KO@KQ86KO%
D
Q8R%8KQ8K7%S":1
"
!:1RL7%6&
&@
P
QO7
$
I
$
11;
&#
OQNCRQNKJQ86KO@KQ&Q@RJ68
D
K%NQQ
W
7%6&
#
@8N68ROQ@7QNKJQ@LL%86CL86KO%
D
Q8R%8KQ8K7
%SMQ&%X#1RL7%6&&@
P
QO7+JQOQS%OQ
#
@O%K@K6%87J%C&NMQR%8NCRKQN@SKQO;
D
O%XKJ
P
Q@O7K%L@68K@68KJQ
M@&@8RQ%S7%6&R@OM%8@8N86KO%
D
Q868@&S@&S@
D
O@77&@8N
!!
"
!
#
!
$
!
!"
"
9
:
;"%!(
!
H%Q77Z&@KQ@C
%
)&S@&S@
%
(CLMQO%S
D
O%XKJ
P
Q@O7
%
*J@8
D
Q7%SR@OM%8@8N86KO%
D
Q8
!!
ÚÛ
$
!"#$%&

()&*$+&
&
,HwôZõ³xD
¥X,HTфŽ
#
NTUX+,¾VŽõö7
„Š‹X©ªIJgäe—u=oX4Ç
-
"92
.

Ú
ێ9HõöYÕ[™÷ëÌX©ª
#
Oð°Ú
Û,HõöTÑõöZRXD¥[[
#
Nõö[
*
™
)Xë̎,HTфŽ[
*
™ç)X¸ú¼
LM<:;TUX­[
*
­™<¼YD¥6Û
-
:
.

IJð=
#
§#.úÚÛWîYZH2>õö­0
YÕ[S™÷
#
¦3°,S³õöµ
-
;9#
.

ÚÛ
.úÏçX§ŠŽõö©ÌV(X©ª‰²Îõ„
ð{²Î
-
49=
.

:å§e
-
<
.
XIJvô
#

;
$D
,.ú$ÿg§ÚÛHõö[
*
™)EYK³

3ÊKKe
-
"1
.
XIJvô
#
$ÚÛ,Hõö7
)SBi™eÜTe²ÎͶXŸ•
#
õö7„Ÿ
•ª_„²‘6º»ÚÛ,H ¡

øpD
-
""
.
I
Jvô
#
ÚÛ.úu$D
#
y!„õö7„{X/
ݟ•
#
,23UTõö_„¢–
#
º»Zõ³xH
LÚÛ,H<[\ ¿

ß“fXÚÛT§$
ÿ
*
õö[™X0!¶
*
X0Ïç²Î
#
´2IJL
MXõö
*
óôû稩Š‹^Ä
#
º»Ž,ûõ
ö[
*
™ëÌX€ñŒÆh»

BCŽZõ³x²ÎT§#ÚÛ,H[
*
™ë
Ì·°X„ŽIJ
#
@KÚÛ,HTфŽX[
*
™
-õ‡F¼ŽõöTÑõöZRX©ª
#
ôZõ
³xL·©ÅÞ,H˜Ä|‹†[:wÝé
#
ç
Ý:;TфŽ_„@=¨©%©ñpy

<
!
¼½&|{\¼½•S
<<
!
()¥|{
NG}‰ÚßZõ³xÇ8@A<=:wh+

×+ÚߣR7a
*
G-
$
(2:j!"k
#
."1=j"1k
&#

:;:=L
#
5’Ï 
!";1J
#
$-‘óó
"!
"
":l
#
²¥`³óó
2<
"
:1l
#
²¥`†óó
_!"
"
_
";l
#
&$0Š#
!!"N
#
$‘¨Ü)
<<2LL
#
$-
‘˜7)
;=1;LL
#
ùV󬤥óô

õö
ô¦õ

IJ“f
"
$
$
"@
&*
2
$
$
2@
&*
;
$
$
;@
&
S
"1
$
$
"1@
&
T
:
M²ÎT§$ÿX•ÏÚÛ,H
#
¼

"1
$š›HôŽ’

ÚÛ-.ô§k
!1"
#
²
Î$ÿ,H‘ôoý
#
„¸ß
!11<
$
*
!114
$
*
!11:
$S
!11"
$
<
%ý.
#
ÚÛý.)
4;
Y
D
2
JL
_!
#
Ýw
21RL

íM$ÿÚÛ,H.ú[
!2:L
!
$
"=Li"2L
&#
H±‘’
#
‡ý‘ô3
$
A-$*$%01&")*$+01
&
KY$ÿÚÛ,H¨©kd
‘Î
!
%MT§#ç²çÝ~¨
*
²d
#
ûçkvQ
ÏÉ,
#
í$‘ÇÈ
:
é
#
íý‘‰}Ï#ÇÈ

<=
!
ö$÷`\a(•S
óÞ0¿
4#

"11RL
$
Hƒ\ô
:2
&
X#–ß
!1"1
$
""
%}ÚÛçᚩ
#çÝûçfr


211RL
#
í
!1RL
„„
#
¯
$ÿfr
2
éDG
#
íMDG“fÚÛÝ9¥Ýç
m鑒X
2
MrEfr
*
‘]û·ôhMõr
#
Ä
#„e’?
#
¬ÚFG6

60‡
#
ªÔ
#
C
1n!;LL
`
$
X0YÕ[
&
S
"1LL
`
$
X0&™
#
Bi™
#
œÑ™Shљ
&#
üÞ

<>
!
ö$5ù•S
õöYÕ[Þ^Q‘
9
D«‘€¬Ñ´È
\X0
#
NG9fõr
1;
D
#
¼Ê¿­wôŽ’ç
ÝX0

õö&™ÞtÃ\iÌr-
#
®Ã0™
¿
$
U
5
Q&KQR )CK% "121 )8@&
P
\QO
#
“ Ò
#
aF/9
/+.*)+F-
5¯Öu
&
X0&™)

Bi™
ÞBi°Ž\X0

œÑ™Shљޜ>æ÷
„…¿
$
¬,
)CK%)8@&
P
\QO29@@2
#
À
TO@8cHC9
QMMQ
5¯U
&
X0

!
ø[Lü•S
óÞ
/Z//"21
Žá拄… n
#
ÅÞ
.[9
RQ&!112
Öwßð

Þ
B863@O6@KQ
uy÷[^„…
úG
11;
7-X^Ä">V

=
!
¢ú\5ù
=<
!
\]#¥îï˜f^bcÿ!TY
‰
1
"
211RL
õ„
#
,-õö!¶Xê´
#
¯$
ÿÚÛ,HSš›HYÕ[)01˜†
$
ß
"
&
‰
1
"
:1RL
õ„
#
õöYÕ[)ˆ‰ˆ÷{¤
#
¯$ÿÚÛ,H‘">³ßš›H
$
I
$
11;
&#
¼
;@
ÚÛ,H`³
#
Uš›H³
""!`
#
"1@
#
"@
S
2@
ÚÛ,H
#
„¸Uš›H³
#
"`
S
"4`

‰
:1
"
=1RL
õ„
#
ÚÛ,HSš›HõöYÕ[
:41"
!#
# ö
!
×e
!
Zõ³xÚÛ,Hõö[
*
™ëÌ·°IJ
)U
:1RL
õ„¼Z|˜ò±
#
"1@
ÚÛ,Hõ
öYÕ[)U
"@
#
2@
#
;@
ÚÛ,HSš›H„
¸">³
"=2`
#
":"`
#
"!#`
S
"4n"`
$
I
$
11;
&%
;@
ÚÛ,HYÕ[)Uš›H˜³
!;`
#
2@
ÚÛ,Hªš›HYÕ[)0">^
Ä

‰
=1
"
!11RL
õ„
#
"1@
S
2@
ÚÛ,Hõö
YÕ[);YK|˜
#
´›">³ß
"@
S
;@
Ú
Û,Hš›H

‰
!11RL
õ„¼|¯$ÿÚÛ
,HSš›HõöYÕ[)‘Û‰U†7-
#
-
‘d0‰
!#2
"
!=:
D
2
Y
D
_"


*ƒ„…
#
Îh$ÿÚÛ,H
#
õöYÕ[)
‘¼
1
"
!1RL
õ„`³
#
ø¼
1
"
:1RL
õ„">
³ßNÒõ„
$
I
$
11;
&
1
"
!11RL
õ„!¶0
#
õö[)`p,-õ„!¶Xê´3˜†
#
!11
RL
¼|õ„!¶0¯$ÿÚÛ,Hªš›Hõö
[)^IJ">

4
<
!
–ÉÜI}d\]#¥îï˜f^¿ÀObcÿ!
a6
D
"
!
*J@8
D
Q7%S7%6&%O
D
@86RR@OM%868@&S@&S@
D
O@77&@8N
X6KJN6SSQOQ8K
W
&@8K68
D
@
D
Q7
==
!
\]#¥îï_¿ÀObcÿ!
==<
!
x‘’“N”•–—˜™
!
‰
1
"
211RL
õ„
#
²ÎT§$ÿÚÛ,Hõö&™)‘,õ
„!¶Xê´3|˜
$
ß
!
&
‰
1
"
#1RL
õ„
#
õ
ö&™X)‘U³
#
;@
S
"1@
ÚÛ,H2ç&
™)^IJ">
#
´‘">³ßš›H
"@
S
2
@
ÚÛ,H
$
I
$
11;
&%
N9
;@
ÚÛ,Hõö&™
)Uš›H³
"1:`
#
"@
S
2@
ÚÛ,Hªš›
Hõö&™)^IJ">
%
‰
#1
"
"=1RL
õ„
#
õö&™)U
#1RL
¼Zõ„<ë|˜
#
›¼
;@
ÚÛ,Hõö&™)`³
#
Uš›H³ã
2=<`
$
I
$
11;
&%
2@
S
"1@
ÚÛ,HUš›H„
¸³
2<#`
S
"#"`
$
I
$
11;
&#
"@
ÚÛ,H
ªš›H0">^Ä

‰
"=1
"
211RL
õ„
#
õö
&™)|˜4_-ò
#
2@
#
;@
S
"1@
ÚÛ,Hõ
ö&™)›">³ßš›HS
"@
ÚÛ,H
$
I
$
11;
&#
3
"@
ÚÛ,Hªš›H^IJ">
%
;@
Ú
Û,Hõö&™)`³
#
Uš›H³ã
!4<`
#
"1@
S
2@
ÚÛ,HUš›H„¸³
"<4`
S
"1#`

4
=
!
–ÉÜI}d\]#¥îïe_Obcÿ!
a6
D
!
!
*J@8
D
Q7%S7%6&K%K@&(68@&S@&S@
D
O@77&@8N
X6KJN6SSQOQ8K
W
&@8K68
D
@
D
Q7
!!
¼Z„…ð=
#
²ÎT§$ÿÚÛ,HŽõö
™;X괈‰U<^Ä

‰
1
"
#1RL
õ„
#
,T
§$ÿXg§
#
õö&™)ê´)ê<
%
‰
#1
"
"=1RL
õ„
#
¼ÛßT§/ì#X
;@
S
2@
ÚÛ
,Hõö™÷)U³
%
"=1RL
¼|õ„
#
ÚÛ,
Hõö™÷)UŽ’š›HXê´<õ
#
ø²Î
T§$ÿ,HXõö&™)^Ä<
#
¼
;@
S
"1@
ÚÛ,HU³

"@
ÚÛ,HßÀ­ën/
<#„
#
Žõö&™X©ªU

===
!
š›‘’“N”•–—˜™
!
õöBi™
)ïðõö%™/¶
-
"!
.

‰
1
"
211RL
õ„g
h0
#
õöBi™)2|˜4_
#
2@
#
;@
S
"1@
ÚÛ,HõöBi™)‘">³ß
"@
ÚÛ,H
ªš›H
$
I
$
11;
&$
ß
2
&#
"@
ÚÛ,Hªš›H
^IJ">

;@
ÚÛ,HõöBi™-‘)`
³
$
!41=L
D
2
Y
D
_"
&#
U
"@
#
2@
#
"1@
ÚÛ,HS
š›H„¸³
#":`
#
"`
#
<;`
S
;
"@
ÚÛ,HSš›HõöBi™‰
#1RL
¼Zõ„
;41"
!!
"
!
#
!
$
!
!"
"
">³ß
#1RL
¼|õ„
$
I
$
11;
&#
ø
#1RL
¼
|`p4ßd0
%
3
;@
#
2@
S
"1@
ÚÛ,H‰
":1RL
¼Zõ„‘U³
#
":1RL
õ„¼|E4ß
d0

4
>
!
–ÉÜI}d\]#¥îïfg_Obcÿ!
a6
D
2
!
*J@8
D
Q7%S7%6&@3@6&@M&Q(3@O6@K6%868
@&S@&S@
D
O@77&@8NX6KJN6SSQOQ8K
W
&@8K68
D
@
D
Q7
!!
‰
1
"
:1RL
õ„
#
ÚÛ,HSš›HõöBi
™)‘U³
#
¼
;@
ÚÛ,HõöBi™)`
³
$
:4:D
2
Y
D
_"
&#
">³ßNÒ$ÿÚÛ,H
$
I
$
11;
&%
2@
S
"1@
ÚÛ,HõöBi™)
">³ß
"@
ÚÛ,HSš›H
$
I
$
11;
&#
"@
Ú
Û,H
$
22<"L
D
2
Y
D
_"
&
Sš›H0">^Ä

‰
:1
"
":1RL
õ„
#
¯$ÿÚÛ,HSš›Hõö
Bi™)|˜4ß-ò
%
;@
ÚÛ,H">³ßN
Ò$ÿÚÛ,HSš›H
#
ô
2:";L
D
2
Y
D
_"
#
N
éô
"1@
S
2@
ÚÛ,H

‰
":1
"
!11RL
õ„
#
,ÚÛT§$ÿXg§Bi™)˜†

¼Z„…C=
#
¯$ÿÚÛ,H‰
:1RL
õ„
¼ZõöYZ™U³
#
ø‰
1
"
!1RL
õ„ð{`
<^Ä

2@
¼ZXÚÛ,H‰
:1RL
¼|õ„U
š›H›ð{—³X%™Wµ
$
I
$
11;
&#
´U
:1RL
¼Zõ„Ye<ë¶X˜†

=>
!
\]#¥îïhi_¿ÀOÿ!
‰
1
"
211RL
õ„
#
+
2@
XÚÛ,HõöœÑ
™t,-õ„X´!2{|˜X4_
$
ß
:
&
‰
1
"
#1RL
õ„
#
¯$ÿÚÛ,HõöœÑ™)"
>³ßš›H
$
I
$
11;
&#
³†²+ô
;@
%
2@
%
"1
@
%
"@
%
š›H
#
N9
1
"
!1RL
õ„^Ä`<
%
;@
ÚÛ,HõöœÑ™)`³
$
""2#L
D
2
Y
D
_"
&#
Uš›H³
#"<`

4
?
!
–ÉÜI}d\]#¥îïhi_Obcÿ!
a6
D
:
!
*J@8
D
Q7%S7%6&86KO@KQ68@&S@&S@
D
O@77&@8N
X6KJN6SSQOQ8K
W
&@8K68
D
@
D
Q7
!!
‰
#1
"
":1RL
õ„
#
õöœÑ™)<붘
†
#
ø¯$ÿÚÛ,H窚›Hç^IJ">

‰
":1
"
!:1RL
õ„
#
"@
ÚÛ,H
*
š›Hõöœ
љ{à\ø^IJ">
#
;@
#
2@
S
"1@
ÚÛ,
HUš›HõöœÑ™)">˜†
#
˜†ë¶ô
";2`
"
4;=`
$
I
$
11;
&
‰
!:1RL
¼|õ„
#
"@
ÚÛ,Hªš›HõöœÑ™)2{<ë|
˜4_
%
;@
S
2@
ÚÛ,HõöœÑ™)">†
ßNÒ$ÿÚÛ,HSš›H

¼Z„…ð=
#
ÚÛ,H³e
#1RL
¼Zõ
„XœÑ™)
%
‰
":1
"
!:1RL
õ„˜†eõö
œÑ™)
#
´‰ÚÛT§}#ð.wÞ²="


2
$¼ZXÚÛ,H
#
,H|#„X°|S¥
|g³ghX°<
#
WMuXÅÞõö!„9Xœ
љ
#
óÉënXœÑ™ˆ÷„i)

‰õöô
„
#
ßÚÛH|#
óõ
öXœÌwÞê/
#
œÑ™)ê´

=?
!
\]#¥îïji_¿ÀOÿ!
‰
1
"
#1RL
õ„
#
¯$ÿÚÛ,Hõöhљ
)">†ßš›H
$
I
$
11;
&$
ß
;
&#
†ä³²

;@
$
2@
$
"1@
$
"@
$
š›H
#
ø
1
"
!1RL
õ
„^Ä`<
#
;@
ÚÛ,Hõöhљ)
$
"2!"
L
D
2
Y
D
_"
&
">†ßNÒT§$ÿÚÛ,H
$
I
$
11;
&
‰
#1RL
õ„¼|
#
ÚÛ,Hõöhљ)
">³ßš›H
#
N9
;@
ÚÛ,H)`³
$
"1n!"L
D
2
Y
D
_"
&#
-‘Uš›H³
"<:`
$
I
$
#41"
!#
# ö
!
×e
!
Zõ³xÚÛ,Hõö[
*
™ëÌ·°IJ
11;
&
‰
#1
"
"#1RL
õ„
#
;@
ÚÛ,HõöhÑ
™)">³ßNÒ$ÿÚÛ,H
$
I
$
11;
&%
"#1
RL
õ„¼|
#
"1@
#
;@
S
2@
ÚÛ,Hõöhљ
)0">^Ä
#
´›‘">³ß
"@
ÚÛ,HS
š›H
#
š›H`†
#
-‘˜ô
4#=L
D
2
Y
D
_"
#
ø
">†ß
"@
ÚÛ,H
$
I
$
11;
&
4
C
!
–ÉÜI}d\]#¥îïji_bcÿ!
a6
D
;
!
*J@8
D
Q7%S7%6&@LL%86CL86KO%
D
Q868@&S@&S@
D
O@77&@8NX6KJN6SSQOQ8K
W
&@8K68
D
@
D
Q7
>
!
.)\¢)
,HßHZH|ú?YÕ´ƒµáäõö
9
#
YÅßõö9YÕ[™÷X\à
-
"29":
.

pI
Jð=õö[™¤¥÷9‰ð„
$
1
"
#1RL
&#
2{
ð„¥|„01<õX4_
#
ø²ÎT§$ÿ
ÚÛ,HSš›H爉²ÎX^Ä
#
C=õöY
Õ[
*
™Xë̪õöÅÞ[é,H.ú$ÿY
-IYX4„

><
!
\]#¥îï˜f^Oÿ!
õöYÕ[Ž¡,õö_„-6S³YZÑ
_„)Õ-ƶD¥XwÞ

cYIJð=
#
õ
ö‰
1
"
!1RL
õ„YÕ[)`³
-
";
.

•ÏÚÛ
ŽõöYÕ[)X³Yãäh0X.ú$ÿ
DE="
-
"#9"4
.
#
¤¥Oß,-ÚÛ#Մ\?<„H|T?´ƒ¶¡+ê´õö9X
YÕ[
-
"=
.

pIJð=
#
¯T§$ÿÚÛ,Hõ
ö­[¤¥÷9‰
1
"
=1RL
õ„0
#
²Î$ÿç¼
"1@
S
;@
ÚÛ,Hõö[)U³
#
øt">³
ߚ›H
#
NÒ$ÿç0">^Ä
#
õöYÕ[)
‘¼
1
"
!1RL
õ„">³ß¼|õ„š›H
$
I
$
11;
&#
ð¤¥OßÚÛH|#„·ò?‰ð
„³÷ógõö[XT?Ì=-õ¤¥ÜT‰ð
„

²ÎT§$ÿÚÛ,H‘‰
1
"
!11RL
õ„¼
YU³XõöYÕ[)
#
¼
"1@
ÚÛ,Hõö­
[Wµ³`">
#
NéO
2@
ÚÛ,H
#
3
;@
S
"@
ÚÛ,HŽõöYÕ[;X©ªU¬
%
¯T§$
ÿÚÛ,H‰
!11RL
õ„¼|ªš›HõöYÕ
[)^IJ">

>=
!
\]#¥îï_k
õö&™¼Yՙô¤
#
K²˜‰¡,
(
÷
µ[[YD¥6Û
#
3øµŽó0õöb‰%
(
W
µ
#
Oõöª(
(
XÄS!
-
"<9!"
.

cYIJð=
#
,-õ„X´!
#
"
"
#
$¯.ú$ÿÚÛ,HX&
™)2|˜4_
#
õö&™)*ƒZ,-.ú
$ÿXê´3ê´
-
!!
.

pIJð=
#
²ÎT§$ÿ
ÚÛ,HŽõö™;X괈‰U<^Ä

‰
1
"
#1RL
õ„
#
õö&™),T§$ÿXg§3ê
´
%
‰
#1
"
"=1RL
õ„
#
¼ÛßT§/ì#X
;@
S
2@
ÚÛ,Hõö™÷)U³
%
"=1RL
¼|õ
„
#
ÚÛ,Hõö™÷)UŽ’š›HXê´<
õ
#
ø²ÎT§$ÿ,HXõö&™)^Ä<
#
¼
;@
S
"1@
ÚÛ,HU³

"@
ÚÛ,HŽõö
&™X©ªU

;@
S
"1@
ÚÛ,H">ê´e
1
"
211RL
õö&™)

õöYZ_„)µŽ©ªw?XU)

pI
Jð=
#
;@
#
"1@
S
2@
ÚÛ,H‘">³e
1
"
211RL
õöBi™)
#
ø‰
":1RL
¼Zõ„
³õö™YZVXwޑU/
#
ÚÛ,HSš›H
‰
1
"
!1RL
õ„YZ™)^Ä`<

T§}#
XÚÛ,H­™Zƒ²="
#
ðª:ìe
-
!2
.
XI
J€ƒ]¶

pIJ9
;@
ÚÛ,HõöYZ™
)Ûß`³
#
¤¥OßNT§/ì
#
BC¬lò
#„´ýWÀäõö9XYՙÄUu
#
ø•{
­™WµU/
#
Ž!„õö™÷iªõ
%
"1@
ÚÛ,

":1RL
¼|õ„Bi™)X˜†C=
#
;@
¼D,-ÚÛ#„ ¿
#
•{­™câ²WBN
T§KD
#
Ž™÷XÅÞcð„01ê¥9|„
õö

õö™÷¼œÑ™ô¤¥œ)ëé
#
Nœ)^
¶hÇ&œÑ™Shљ*^¶X
=1`
-
!:
.

‰H
|7ÚU!X9L
#
œÑ™¨‰õö!„ënU<
 )à#
½¼¾w?¡ç
#
ø3ënœ‘wSò
œ‘wµŽ©ª:w?-(Œ¸$7(

cYIJ
441"
!!
"
!
#
!
$
!
!"
"
ð=!#„),
$
ÚÛ
&
WMuHÅÞõö!„9X
œÑ™
#
<õN¥|Éªà-
!;
.

pNG9
"@
ÚÛ,HSš›H‰
"#1
"
!:1RL
õ„{eœÑ
™<)à#
NÒ$ÿÚÛ,HœÑ™à\#
ðC=
2@
¼ZÚێõöœÑ™XÅÞhU³
#
Wî<õ:ûënXõö!„œÑ™à
pIJð=
#
2@
¼ZÚÛ,H">³e
#1
RL
¼|õ„Xhљ)
#
¼
;@
ÚÛ,Häô=
"
#
ðªÕ›(e
-
!#
.
XIJ€ƒh»

‰
#1RL
¼
Zõ„
#
ÚÛ,Hß/V
#
<¬eõö¹õª?Ž
(E
:c
k;Xð[¡ô
SKW­0wÞ
#
YÅߎhљX¡ç

‰õö

#
ßT§/ì#X
2@
S
;@
,HÚÛ#„ë
nX#e֎õö9hљX­0wÞê/
#
">
³eõöhљ)
%
"1@
ÚÛ,HÛß ¡#
#
N#eX­™wÞ]<¬
#
NõöhљX)‘
ŽU†

>>
!
\]#¥îï^
*
_lÉÿ!
cYIJ€ƒð=†ÚÛ,Hãäh0$ÿÏ
çá ¡#
#
3{õöµ ¿X4_
-
!4
.
#
çá
 ¡#ÚÛ,HŽõö™÷ÅÞ/¶<õ
#
õö™
÷3gäh0…G
-
"!
.

pIJð=
#
‰
":1RL
¼
|õ„
"1@
U
;@
ÚÛ,H˜œÑ™Yê´X4
_
#
‰
211RL
¼Zõ„&™
*
Bi™
*
hљŒ0…
GX4_

õö[
*
™2ç‘~©ª
-
!=
.
#
õö™÷
%R9
#
õöYÕ(OõöYՙXÄË

õö[
*
™2çX4„+¼${ú?_„ÅÞXZh
#

ú?[TUª_„¡çú?¥õöWÀYÕ?(
ª_„XCÍ
-
!<
.
#
ŽTфŽ9[™ÅÞ
*
ºˆS
ê÷Õ-ó0wÞ
-
21
.

*q(
B¶¾vôOõö™
÷ªÌWµXˆà
#
${e}HTфŽ9õö 
T?X?ò€v·°
#
í‰h0ͶZRKú¾·
ò?ŽõöYÕ[
*
™X\à»@
-
2"
.


#
õö
™÷XªÌ
*
­0SœÌ]ªõö
*q(
IY‘
4
-
2!924
.

pNG9õöYÕ[ªBi™n">ì‘4
$
-o1=2!2
#
#
-
11;
#
;
o14!!;
&#
ª
*q(
Tn²"
>ì‘4
$
-o1<122
##
#
-
11"
#
;
o1=!#
&#
õö&™
ªBi™¼Bi™ª
*q(
T2çX‘4„ „
¸ô
1;<:2
S
1#!1=

ð=õö&™
*
Bi™
*
*q(
ªYÕ[X+ÎëÌ4_="
#
õö&™
),-õöYÕ[)Xê´3ê´
#
ï„C=e
YÕ[OõöYՙXÄË

pNG€ƒð=
#
Y
Õ[ª&™
*
Bi™2çtnì‘4
#
&™ªBi™
2ç]nì‘44„
#
ðh€ñª¼Ke
-
2=
.
Ž§j
D7`³D³xõö[)ªõö&™Sõö&Œ
)nì‘44„XIJ
*
öNÚe
-
2<
.
Ž0>?»
8œM,xõöYÕ[ª™÷X‚ç„F¼Y"
>X‘4V€ñ
*
ø=]e
-
:1
.
Ž,xõöX[™„

*F
!
ŸB)X‘4V„…€ñh»

ð=
õö&™
*
Bi™
*
*q(
ªYÕ[X+ÎëÌ4_
="
#
õöYÕ[)X³
#
@–º»&™
*
Bi
™
*
*q(
X³

BCf‘RX: kd
#
ì¥
“”ªYÕ[ì‘4Xy÷
#
+¼YZ³,H
µ7-
#
´/™÷ªÌwÞ
#
ðôÚÛ,HX¨©S
·©d%e©ñmn

yy4ßõö[
*
™2
çwÞÕ©XçhèIJ
#
ŽBCT?kdìçZ
õ³xHLõö[™_„‘6¼YD¥6Û

BC¶·„…Zõ³xÚÛ,Hõö[
*
™
)ëÌ4_
#
†ÚÛT§
;
$¼D
#
|“t-žw²
ý

BCFÝ,ûžwX™wÖ¶
#
¬ê´õöX
­[S­™wÞ
#
¡,õöX[™-6

y¤89
-
"
.
!
½©8
#
Q…

Zõ³xÎÏLkv,HTUµIJ
!
¼§›
ö^ÎNGLÚÛHô@
-
G
.

7õ°,B
#
"<<2
#
"2
$
;
&!
!9
!4
-
!
.
!
Μ
#
ö&?
#
¾?M
#
e

ÚێõöTÑõöX©ª
-
G
.

:
¿TÑõö
#
"<<2
#
""
$
2
&!
19!!
-
2
.
!
À=À
#
:å§
#
öÁ+
#
e

Zõ³xHLdŽÚÛUµX
©ª
-
G
.

,H=
#
!11:
#
"!
$
2
&!
"<;9"<=
-
:
.
!
jpM
#
‹-*

²Î.ú$ÿ•ÏÚÛHõö©Ì·VIJ
-
G
.

7õ°,=
#
!11;
#
"<
$
2
&!
""19""2
-
;
.
!
yè9
#
Õq²
#
jC
#
e

ÆÒÓ9‚ý‡¿ÌõH¿™.
úÚÛX­[ZR
-
G
.

TÑ=
#
!11<
#
!<
$
"!
&!
#2=;9#2<"
-
#
.
!

#
ö£?

Úێ9HõöYÕ[™ëÌX2>wÞ
-
G
.

7õ°,=
#
!1"!
#
"<
$
2
&!
4=9="
-
4
.
!
øÂ
#
·»9

Í^•ÏÚÛ{fPㄅ
-
G
.

,;@=
#
"<#
<
$
;
&!
49""
-
=
.
!
¼pË

.ú•ÏÚێõö_bX©ª
-
G
.

­ª,x
#
!111
$
:
&!
19!:
-
<
.
!
:å§
#
À=À
#
øï§

Zõ³xÎÏLÚÛHõö[
*
™
*
Œ
q„XëÌ
-
G
.

,H=
#
!11;
#
"2
$
"
&!
##941
!
-
"1
.
ÊKK
#
øÿ
#
ö=å
#
e

`LJ9ª‡9 9LÚÛ,
Hõö7„ª_„·°
-
G
.

TÑ=
#
!1""
#
2"
$
"2
&!
;:9;<
-
""
.
øpD

ÚÛTUµ>ÑN7„TÑõöZR
-
G
.

õö=

#
!11!
#
2<
$
2
&!
:1:9:""
-
"!
.
â÷é

Zõ³x¤¥LÚÛ,Hõö™÷iª·°IJ
-
G
.

ú?H_ªÿ=
#
!11=
#
":
$
"
&!
=:9=<
-
"2
.
H@&-/%6&R@OM%8N
P
8@L6R68RO%
W
&@8N@8NO@8
D
Q&@8N
-
G
.
.89
36O%8LQ8K@&Z%&CK6%8
#
!11!
#
""#
$
"2
&!
2;#92#!
=41"
!#
# ö
!
×e
!
Zõ³xÚÛ,Hõö[
*
™ëÌ·°IJ
-
":
.
)8
D
QO7V)*J@8
D
Q7687%6&@
DD
OOQ
D
@K6%8@8N%O
D
@86RR@OM%8
C8NQOR%O8@8N@&S@&S@
-
G
.
/%6&/R6Q8RQ/%R6QK
P
%S)LQO6R@
G%CO8@&
#
"<#
;#
$
;
&!
"!::9"!:<
-
";
.
*%LZK%8G.
#
T%%8Q-V/%6&86KO%
D
Q8KO@87S%OL@K6%87@8N
KJQO%&Q%S&6
D
JKSO@RK6%8%O
D
@86RL@KKQO68S%OQ7K7%6&7
-
G
.
/%6&
T6%&%
DP
eT6%RJQL67KO
P
#
!11!
#
2:
$
<
&!
<229<:2
-
"#
.
öژ
#
:÷Ã
#
Z*
#
e

Í^Zõ³xåý•ÏÚÛT§‡
FóôTUbµ¸ú
-
G
.

‡9HL:;IJ
#
!114
#
!;
$
;
&!
!"9!#
-
"4
.
Äà1

.ú•ÏÚێõö©ÌVfX©ª
-
V
.

jk
!
Æ7
:8@A<=
#
!11=
!
"9!4
-
"=
.
·è¬
#
Åà‹
#
–qá

ÚÛT§$ÿŽNU)õöVfX
©ª
-
G
.

‡9HL:;IJ
#
!11=
#
!#
$
2
&!
"1:9"1=
-
"<
.
ÆÇÈ
#
É|?
#


´Êžw9Ê,ÀûŽõöYՙ¯q
„X©ª
-
G
.

õö
#
!1""
#
:2
$
!
&!
"#49"42
-
!1
.
qbå
#
aNC
#
’p•
#
e

79žw|§#>™SdÞYÕ
Žõö“iµVfX©ª
-
G
.

RÞTÑ=
#
!111
#
""
$
:
&!
;:<9;;!
-
!"
.
:pË
#
!ó‚
#
ÌÍ
#
e

²ÎÅÞ[é|õöYՙ÷ªÌ
·°XIJ
-
G
.

õöB
#
!1"2
#
::
$
"
&!
;!9;#
-
!!
.
â÷é
#
Åà‹
#
öq
#
e

Zõ³x¤¥LÚÛ,Hõö‡
„ën™÷iªIJ
-
G
.

•–˜Ä=
#
!11=
#
!2
$
2
&!
2=29
2<1
-
!2
.

#
Z³p
#
:ŽÎ
#
e

.úÚێZ&õðõ©ÌV(
X©ª
-
G
.

,;=
#
!112
#
"!
$
;
&!
==9<2
-
!:
.
–|+
#
ø&*

•Kõö™÷²Îœ)ëéXTUIJ
-
G
.

9:=B
#
!11;
#
!"
$
"1
&!
1<9!""
!
-
!;
.
ϛÐ
#
À=À

9wHL§#3vwSÚÛvwõöƒ[
Xª(™IJ
-
G
.

ú?H_ªÿ=
#
!1"1
#
"#
$
2
&!
#!19#!;
-
!#
.
՛(
#
À=À

§#.úÚێõö™÷H_XwÞ
-
G
.

9
TÑ:;=
#
!11"
#
<
$
!
&!
=#9==
-
!4
.
øÑæ
#
=*

Zõ³x7<•ÏÚÛ,H¿ÌCͪú?
urVIJ
-
G
.

RÞTÑ=
#
!11;
#
"#
$
"!
&!
2!"9!2!4
-
!=
.
Ց&
#
³ïï
#
—pÈ
#
e

ƸõöYÕ(S™÷fN
©ªy÷„…
-
G
.

7õ°,=
#
!11:
#
"=
$
#
&!
#;:9#4"
-
!<
.
HC%A>
#
*COO6Q^/V
#
VCYQ7G/
#
"*&3ZO%
D
OQ7763Q86KO%9
D
Q8&6L6K@K6%8%SQR%7
P
7KQLOQ7
W
%87Q7K%O6768
D
@KL%7
W
JQO6R
R@OM%8N6%[6NQ
-
G
.
T6%7R6Q8RQ
#
!11:
#
;:
$
=
&!
42"942<
!
-
21
.
EQ77Q8VF
#
)
D
OQ8,0
#
)8QO7%8+-
#
"*&3*@OM%87Q
]
CQ79
KO@K6%868QR%7
P
7KQL7
!
KJQO%&Q%S7K%6RJ6%LQKO
P
-
G
.
.R%&%
DP
#
!11:
#
=;
$
;
&!
""4<9""-
2"
.

#
ÕÊ

Zõ³x9*
"
(
RK6Û
-
G
.

M¦H(ª!­ËH(
#
!11=
#
!=
$
#
&!
"!19"!:
-
2!
.
)MQOGV(6KO%
D
Q8R
P
R&68
D
@8N86KO%
D
Q87@KCO@K6%868KQL
W
QO9
@KQS%OQ7KQR%7
P
7KQL7
-
G
.
+OQ8N768.R%&%
DP
e .3%&CK6%8
#
"<#
4
$
4
&!
!19!!:
-
22
.
TO@NMCO
P
(G
#
J^6KL%OQ)Z
#
E@OKZT/
#
"*&3I%NQ&68
D
KJQS@KQ%S86KO%
D
Q868RO%
W
@8N7%6&68KJQ
P
Q@O7S%&%X68
D
@
W
9
W
&6R@K6%8%S
";
(9&@MQ&QNSQOK6&6\QOK%X68KQOXJQ@K
-
G
.
+JQ
G%CO8@&%S)
D
O6RC&KCO@&/R6Q8RQ
#
"<<2
#
"!"
$
2
&!
2#2924<
-
2:
.
G@877Q8TE(6KO%
D
Q8L68QO@&6\@K6%868OQ&@K6%8K%*q(O@K6%
@8NNQR%L
W
%7@M6&6K
P
%S%O
D
@86RL@KQO6@&7
-
G
.
Z&@8K@8N/%6&
#
"<<#
#
"="
$
"
&!
2<9:;
-
2;
.
$@8$QQ8G)
#
H@NNG(
#
aO677Q&IGI%NQ&68
D
*@8N(
KCO8%3QOKJO%C
D
JKJQL6RO%M6@&M6%L@77687%6&
-
G
.
Z&@8K@8N
/%6&
#
"<=:
#
4#
$
2
&!
;49!4:
-
2#
.
)6KYQ8JQ@NG)
#
IRV%XQ& ^ E/%6&*q(O@K6%@7@
W
OQN6R9
K%O%S@88C@&O63QO68QVF*S&C[@K&%R@&@8N
D
&%M@&7R@&Q7
-
G
.

,&%M@&T6%
D
Q%RJQL6R@&*
P
R&Q7
#
!111
#
":
$
"
&!
"!49"2=
-
24
.
ICbJ6
5
6@8
#
EC@8
D
)6
P
68
D
#
U6LCO@/%8%Y%V
#
"*&3H68Y68
D
(
!
FQL6776%8K%7%6&L68QO@&(@7Q7K6L@KQNM
P
*F
!
QL6776%9
8@8N7%6&*
"
(O@K6%
-
G
.
/%6&T6%&%
DP
eT6%RJQL67KO
P
#
!11<
#
:"
$
"!
&!
;<29!;<4
-
2=
.
¼K
#
Ò¬Ú
#
Ó
#
e

§jD7`³D³xõö[S_„X
„F·°
-
G
.

õöB
#
!11;
#
2#
$
#
&!
=:19=:;
-
2<
.
öNÚ
#
øk(
#
Õê8
#
e

0>?»8œM,xõöYÕ
[™÷X‚çÄ(V„…
-
G
.

ú?TÑ=
#
"<<=
#
!!
$
;
&!
:1<9:":
-
:1
.
ø=]
#
)µÔ
#
fæÙ
#
e

,xõöX[™„Fª
*F
!
Ÿ
B)X‘4V„…
-
G
.

õö@=
#
!11:
#
!;
$
!
&!
49""
$
%&(
!
)*+
&
<41"