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Characteristics of Soil Seed Banks of Alpine Meadow under Different Degradation Degrees in Eastern Qilian Mountains

祁连山东麓高寒草甸不同退化程度草地土壤种子库特征研究



全 文 :!23" !5#
 Vol.23  No.5
! " # $
ACTA AGRESTIA SINICA
   2015$  9%
  Sep.  2015
犱狅犻:10.11733/j.issn.10070435.2015.05.008
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犆犺犪狉犪犮狋犲狉犻狊狋犻犮狊狅犳犛狅犻犾犛犲犲犱犅犪狀犽狊狅犳犃犾狆犻狀犲犕犲犪犱狅狑狌狀犱犲狉犇犻犳犳犲狉犲狀狋
犇犲犵狉犪犱犪狋犻狅狀犇犲犵狉犲犲狊犻狀犈犪狊狋犲狉狀犙犻犾犻犪狀犕狅狌狀狋犪犻狀狊
LIChunming1,LONGLing1,XUChanglin2,WANGMingming1,ZHANGDegang2
(1.ColegeofLifeScienceandEngineering,NorthwestUniversityforNationality,Lanzhou,GansuProvince730030,China;
2.ColegeofPrataculturalScience,GansuAgriculturalUniversity,Lanzhou,GansuProvince730070,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Thecomparativestudiesofsoilseedbanksoffourdifferentdegradationdegreesgrassland(Non
degraded,ND;lightdegraded,LD;moderatedegraded,MD;heavydegraded,HD)intheeasternQilian
Mountainswerecarriedoutthroughfieldinvestigationandseedgerminationtest.Theresultsshowedthat
thesoilseeddensitiesof4differentdegradationdegreesgrasslandwereorderedasLD>ND>MD>HD.
SixplantspecieswerediscoveredinNDgrasslandandmainspeciesbelongedtoCruciferaeandRanuncu
laceae;NineplantspecieswerediscoveredinLDgrasslandandmainspeciesbelongedtoGramineae,Com
positaeandLeguminosae;FiveplantspecieswerediscoveredinMDgrasslandandmainspeciesbelonged
toPlantaginaceae;FiveplantspecieswerediscoveredinHDgrasslandandmainspeciesbelongedtoGra
mineae.ThespeciesdiversitiesofsoilseedbanksinNDandLDgrasslandswerericherthanthatinMD
andHDgrasslands.LDgrasslandwasthemostbeneficialtomaintainandprotectthespeciesdiversityof
theregion.Ingeneral,thespeciesofsoilseedbankswerenotsimilartothatofvegetation.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:EasternQilianmountains;Alpinemeadow;Degradedgrassland;Soilseedbanks
EFGH
:20140513;IJGH20140905
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Authorforcorrespondence,Email:zhangdg@gsau.edu.cn
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-∑犘犻log犘犻
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\1 ‡ˆNŠO$(¬ÄP„ŸQ1UV„Ÿh°Wœ./
Table1 Statisticalcharacteristicsofgerminablesoilseedbankindifferentdegradedgrasslands
¾,Nondegradedmeadow
Ϭ,Lightdegradedmeadow
+¨,Moderatedegradedmeadow
C¨,Heavydegradedmeadow
L–p±¬»0
Means±SE
2937.01±1235.80aA 3173.46±656.34aA 1415.43±503.76aA 990.80±428.54aA
noAp
犆犞
0.84 0.41 0.71 0.86
  ò:wéBC“PóDo—r(犘<0.05);*éBC“PóDo×r(犘<0.01)
Note:Differentsmallettersindicatesignificantdifferenceatthe0.05level;differentcapitallettersindicatesignificantdifferenceatthe
0.01level
  B¥noAp(犆犞)˜™”e&ñËÌY7G
¨6“zÎBoùg

¿P1~,ËÌY76“o
ùgv*B5C¨,(犆犞=0.86),Òü5¾,
(犆犞=0.84),+¨,76“oùgvwB5œ¨,(犆犞=0.41)。
2.2 ‡ˆNŠO$(¬ÄP„ŸQ+„XY
ëP2|?,¾,¾DGÉT°
(Gramineae)、rBo°(Crucife
rae)、@…°(Ranunculaceae)、12°(Rosaceae)
=h°
(Leguminosae)89,Y7pëë‹Å5B
›º5ÓiA
(犔犲狆犻犱犻狌犿犪狆犲狋犪犾狌犿)、345o
(犇犲犾狆犺犻狀犻狌犿犮犪犲狉狌犾犲狌犿)、ìÞ@…(犚犪狀狌狀犮狌犾狌狊
狋犪狀犵狌狋犻犮狌狊)、oDp(犛狋犻狆犪犪犾犻犲狀犪)、ÛC\!A
(犘狅狋犲狀狋犻犾犾犪犫犻犳狌狉犮犪)、no6h(犗狓狔狋狉狅狆犻狊狅犮犺狉狅
犮犲狆犺犪犾犪)。
\2 ‡ˆNŠO$(¬ÄP„ŸQ+„XY¥h°
Table2 Speciesandnumbersofsoilseedbankindifferentdegradedgrasslands
Y
Species
Úñ«
Latinname
¾,Nondegradedmeadow
Ϭ,Lightdegraded
meadow
+¨,Moderatedegraded
meadow
C¨,Heavydegraded
meadow
ìÜ-7 犃狊狋犲狉犪犾狆犻狀狌狊 — 813.87±393.51 212.31±168.46 —
ÓiA 犔犲狆犻犱犻狌犿犪狆犲狋犪犾狌犿 1254.65±1114.61 — — —
345o 犇犲犾狆犺犻狀犻狌犿犮犪犲狉狌犾犲狌犿 460.02±67.75 — — —
oDp 犛狋犻狆犪犪犾犻犲狀犪 247.70±89.05 — — —
ÛC\!A 犘狅狋犲狀狋犻犾犾犪犫犻犳狌狉犮犪 70.77±28.35 141.54±89.25 106.16±35.39 —
ìÞ@… 犚犪狀狌狀犮狌犾狌狊狋犪狀犵狌狋犻犮狌狊 460.01±240.86 — — —
no6h 犗狓狔狋狉狅狆犻狊狅犮犺狉狅犮犲狆犺犪犾犪 70.77±21.34 212.31±135.51 70.77±40.85 —
~8&$É 犘狅犪狆狅狅狆犺犪犵狅狉狌犿 — 495.40±187.24 — —
äØN 犓狅犫狉犲狊犻犪犺狌犿犻犾犻狊 — 495.40±91.36 — 283.09±163.43
9N 犓狅犲犾犲狉犻犪犮狉犻狊狋犪狋犪 — — — 530.78±211.32
Lý0 犘犾犪狀狋犪犵狅犱犲狆狉犲狊狊犪 — — 990.79±331.94 106.15±67.75
TUh 犜狉犻犵狅犺犲犾犾犪狉狌狋犺犲狀犻犮犪 — 460.01±240.86 — 35.38±20.69
óªH 犜犪狉犪狓犪犮狌犿犿狅狀犵犪犾犻犮狌犿 — — — 35.38±18.26
Áo2 犃狉狋犲犿犻狊犻犪狊犿犻狋犺犻犻 — 70.77±32.14 — —
1o: 犌犲狀狋犻犪狀犪狊狋狉犪犿犻狀犲犪 — 389.24±186.12 35.38±29.45 —
³´µ 犆犺犲狀狅狆狅犱犻狌犿犵犾犪狌犮狌犿 — 106.16±73.85 — —
  Ϭ,


(Compositae)、12°、h°、µ°(Che
nopodiaceae)、;@°(Liliaceae)=]N°(Cyper
aceae)89,Y7pëë‹Å5B›º5ìÜ-7
959
! " # $ !23"
(犃狊狋犲狉犪犾狆犻狀狌狊)、~8&$É(犘狅犪狆狅狅狆犺犪犵狅狉狌犿)、
äØN
(犓狅犫狉犲狊犻犪犺狌犿犻犾犻狊)、TUh(犜狉犻犵狅犺犲犾犾犪狉狌
狋犺犲狀犻犮犪)、1o:(犌犲狀狋犻犪狀犪狊狋狉犪犿犻狀犲犪)、no6h、
ÛC\!A

³´µ
(犆犺犲狀狅狆狅犱犻狌犿犵犾犪狌犮狌犿)、Áo
2
(犃狉狋犲犿犻狊犻犪狊犿犻狋犺犻犻)。
+¨,°

12°



;@°=ý0°
(Plantaginaceae)8
9

Y7pëë‹Å5B›º5Lý0
(犘犾犪狀狋犪犵狅犱犲
狆狉犲狊狊犪)、ìÜ-7、ÛC\!A、no6h、1o:。
C¨,°





ý0°=]N°89

Y7pëë‹
Å5B›º59N
(犓狅犲犾犲狉犻犪犮狉犻狊狋犪狋犪)、äØN、Lý
0

TUh

óªH

¿ËÌY7%á9YB:P Q † … ~

P3),¾,89:PQ%á

Ϭ,
ñš
*89

ñ‚*89†Š$:894Y89:PQ


+¨,
ñš*892Y
89:PQ%á

C¨,
ñš
*892Y89:PQ%á。
4eWX,89Y7B9Yp=Y7G¨ƒKš‹

8ìæñ
ÝNñ89f—89:PQB%áŠX




WX, š*Do

w¿89:PQB%á…~

s\A
ËÌY78Tñ8 9Yl%BŠXg

\3 ÄP„ŸQÐY„Table3 Speciesrichnessandseeddensityoflifeforminsoilseedbank

Plot
:PQ
Lifeform
9Yp
Speciesnumber
Y7p
Seednumber/±·m-2
ND H 3 2335.46±1094.10
C 3 601.56±247.70
LD H 2 1309.27±561.36
C 5 1698.51±115.57
CH 1 70.77±32.14
T 1 106.16±73.85
MD H 2 1203.39±492.26
C 3 212.32±40.86
HD H 2 141.54±100.08
C 3 849.26±336.94
  ò:ñ‚*89(CH),ñ/*89(H),ñš*89(C),Š$:89(T)
Note:Chamaephytes(CH),Hemicryptophytes(H),Cryptophytes(C),Therophytes(T)
2.3 ‡ˆNŠO$(¬ÄP„ŸQ+„†[3;n
¿P4|}~,9Y$%¨、ãä¨、9Y
‹&g=f—–W¨B›º–Gœ¨,¾,›º89YpëB›ºŠX

EJd–Nñ,<
/¨B ò

9Y$%¨

ãä¨

9Y‹&g=
f—–W¨ïw

9Y‹&g«pœ¨,

Òü5¾,
+¨,
C¨,

¾,r

¾,
œ¨,“Do—r
(犘<0.05),8C¨,ÄÅ×rKL
(犘<0.01),+¨,,(犘<0.01)。œ¨,

EJKìæNßB
í¨*¥|}ã
w‡¨U@*¥¦
*NX:‹&gïw

\4 ‡ˆNŠO$(¬ÄP„ŸQ+„†[3;n
Table4 Thebiodiversityanalysesofthesoilseedbanksindifferentdegradedgrasslands

Plot
$%¨
Richness
ãä¨
Simpson
9Y‹&g
ShannonWiener
f—–W¨
Evenness
ND 4.00±0.82bA 0.64±0.11aA 0.47±0.08aA 0.80±0.21aA
LD 5.75±0.50aA 0.79±0.02aA 0.70±0.05aA 0.92±0.03aA
MD 3.00±0.82bB 0.49±0.12aA 0.38±0.07bA 0.75±0.15aA
HD 2.50±1.73bB 0.25±0.31bB 0.26±0.24cB 0.59±0.39aA
  ò:XĂWXwéBC“PóDo—r(犘<0.05);WX*éBC“PóDo×r(犘<0.01)
Note:Diferentsmallettersinarowindicatesignificantdiferenceatthe0.05level;diferentcapitallettersinarowindicatesignificantdiferenceatthe
0.01level
069
!5# Ö­ÿ!:ý7ܬþìæNßWX,2.4 ‡ˆNŠO$(¬ÄP„ŸQ|\3;n
¿P5|}~,4eWX,àáázƒ„gnwBoùg

Ò+C¨,„gvw

œ¨,’

+¨,„gv*

Ð÷gäEJC¨,
œ
¨,ázN/š*ÝÆ

•8 ’M‡/+

C¨,<
NñFDŸ‹B»GÜCã!

\5 ‡ˆNŠO$(¬ÄP„ŸQ|\3;n
Table5 Thesimilarityanalysesofthesoilseedbanksindifferentdegradedgrasslands

Plot
¾,Nondegradedmeadow
Ϭ,Lightdegradedmeadow
+¨,Moderatedegradedmeadow
C¨,Heavydegradedmeadow
ND 1
LD 0.27 1
MD 0.36 0.57 1
HD 0.00 0.29 0.20 1
2.5 ‡ˆNŠO$(¬ÄP„ŸQY¬]*^0

B¥ÛYÛ®p½G‡ÃBƒ„g«pK
ËÌY78ñ‚8 9Y%Ⴤg;i
Hz{

lmPJ

P6),ËÌY78ñ‚
8 9Y%Ⴤg*w›ºG5C¨,<
Nñ>œ¨,
\6 ÄP„ŸQY¬B*^|\3
Table6 Similarityrelationshipbetweensoilseedbankandstandingvegetation
ƒ„g«p
Comparabilityindex
¾,Nondegradedmeadow
Ϭ,Lightdegradedmeadow
+¨,Moderatedegradedmeadow
C¨,Heavydegradedmeadow
犆犼 0.0667 0.5455 0.2500 0.6667
犆狊 0.1250 0.7059 0.4000 0.8000
  ò:犆犼=犆狊zÆGÛY}Û®p½G‡ÃBƒ„g«p
Note:犆犼and犆狊aretwocomparabilityindexesbasedondualitydata
  ¿P6|}~,4e&ñËÌY78ñ‚
8 9Y%Ⴤg`\šÚ

C¨,—^¦šÇkh

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Ϭ,
+¨,
ËÌY78ñ‚8 ŒšÚBƒ„g

¾,<
Nññ‚8 Bãä9Y5>*<

ÒY7š*Ã
‰©(íž:Ž

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