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作 者 ：申恒伦;徐耀阳;王岚;张敏;孔令惠;蔡庆华

期 刊 ：植物科学学报 2011年 29卷 6期 页码：683-690

关键词：丹江口水库；浮游植物；群落结构；藻类密度；演替趋势；

Keywords:Danjiangkou Reservoir, Phytoplankton, Community structure, Algae density, Succession tendency,

摘 要 ：2007年7月至2008年6月对丹江口水库浮游植物进行了为期一年的调查和分析,共采集到浮游植物8门、60属、110种及变种。种类组成以绿藻门、硅藻门和蓝藻门为主,其中绿藻门占优势,共计46种(42%),其次为硅藻35种(32%)。藻类年平均密度为4.17×10⁶cell/L,最高密度为6.10×10⁷cell/L,最低密度为5.16×103cell/L。各季节浮游植物优势种差异显著,春季为一种颤藻(Oscillatoria sp.)和尖针杆藻(Synedra acus),夏秋两季为啮蚀隐藻(Cryptomonas erosa),冬季转为倪氏拟多甲藻(Peridiniopsis niei)。空间分布上,丹江、汉江库区以及取水口3个区域浮游植物优势种为尖针杆藻,五青入库区则以倪氏拟多甲藻占优势。磷浓度是驱动丹江口水库藻类密度的主要影响因子。根据建库几十年来的对丹江口水库较为全面的4次调查资料,分析了丹江口水库的浮游植物群落演替及变化趋势。自1958年以来,50年间,整个水库浮游植物密度增加了16倍,水库富营养化程度有增加的趋势。种类组成由适应河流的固着型硅藻,经过硅藻-绿藻-蓝藻型逐渐发展为硅藻-甲藻-隐藻-蓝藻型。

Abstract:According to the investigation and analysis of phytoplankton in Danjiangkou Reservoir from July 2007 to June 2008,eight phyla including 60 genera and 110 phytoplankton species and varieties were found.Phytoplankton composition was dominated by Cyanophyta(46 species),Chlorophyta(35 species)and Bacillariophyta,with the two former accounting for 42% and 32% of total taxa,respectively.Algae density averaged 4.17×10⁶ cell/L,and ranged from 5.16×103 to 6.10×10⁷ cell/L.Seasonally,phytoplankton showed significant differences in dominant taxa,with Oscillatoria sp.and Synedra acus dominating in spring,Cryptomonas erosa during summer and autumn,and Peridiniopsis niei during winter.Spatially,Synedra acus was the dominant taxa in the Danjiang,Hanjiang and Qushuikou regions,while Peridiniopsis niei dominated in Wuqing.Phosphorus concentration was the main factor controlling algae density in the Danjiangkou Reservoir.Combined with published Danjiangkou Reservoir data,the phytoplanktonic community trend in the reservoir was also analyzed during several decades after damming.Since 1958,the density of phytoplankton in the reservoir has increased by 16 times,and eutrophication of the reservoir has become increasingly serious.Phytoplankton composition changed from Bacillariophyta to Bacillariophyta-Cyanophyta-Chlorophyta type,and then was gradually replaced by Bacillariophyta-Pyrrophyta-Cryptophyta-Cyanophyta.

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