作 者 ：王瑞;徐新福;李加纳;唐章林;谌利
期 刊 ：作物学报 2007年 33卷 12期 页码：2001-2006
关键词：甘蓝型油菜；硫苷组分；胚遗传效应；细胞质效应；母体遗传效应；遗传率；
Keywords:Brassica napus L., Glucosinolate component, Embryo effect, Cytoplasmic effect, Maternal effect, Heritability,
摘 要 ：利用甘蓝型油菜4个显性纯合两用系与7个恢复系配制不完全双列杂交组合，采用广义种子遗传模型分析甘蓝型油菜硫苷组分的胚、细胞质和母体植株3套遗传体系的基因主效应和基因型×环境效应。结果表明硫苷组分性状受制于基因主效应，基因型×环境互作效应作用较小。2-羟-3-丁烯基、3-丁烯基以胚主效应为主，分别占75.21%和58.25%。4-羟-3-吲哚甲基、苯乙基以细胞质效应为主，分别占74.19%和69.54%。4-戊烯基由胚主效应和细胞质效应共同控制，分别占50.29%和38.12%。在基因型×环境互作方差中，4-羟-3-吲哚甲基仅受制于细胞质互作效应，其余硫苷组分均以显著的胚互作效应和细胞质互作效应为主。5个硫苷组分均以普通狭义遗传率为主，互作狭义遗传率较低。在普通狭义遗传率中，2-羟-3-丁烯基、3-丁烯基以胚遗传率为主，分别为71.61%和53.76%。4-羟-3-吲哚甲基和苯乙基以细胞质遗传率为主，分别为68.21%和68.47%。4-戊烯基以胚遗传率和细胞质遗传率为主，分别为47.81%和36.24%。在互作狭义遗传率中，5个硫苷组分以细胞质互作遗传率为主，均达到了显著水平。亲本遗传效应值预测表明，选用D3AB、D21R作为硫苷品质改良亲本有利于降低杂种后代油菜籽中2-羟-3-丁烯基和3-丁烯基的含量。
Abstract:Quality of the meals and the defatted seed samples determined by constituents and proportion of glucosinolate components and heredity of glucosinolate components are of importance to breeding for good quality rapeseed varieties. Embryo, cytoplasmic, maternal effects and genotype by environment interaction effects for quality traits of rapeseed seeds were analyzed using a general genetic model for quantitative traits of seeds with parents, F1 and F2 of 28 crosses arranged in a partial incompleted diallel mating design of 11 parents planted in the field in 2004–2005 in Chongqing, China. It was found that the main effects of different genetic systems on glucosinolate components were more important than environment interaction effects. Among all of genetic main effects, the embryo effects were the largest for desulfoprogoitrin and desulfogluconapin, with the percentage of 75.21% and 58.25%, respectively. The cytoplasm effects were the largest for desulfo-4-hydroxyglucobrassicin and desulfogluconasturtin, with the percentage of 74.19% and 69.54%, respectively. While desulfoglucobrassicanapin was mainly dominated by embryo and cytoplasm, and the percentage amounted to 50.29% and 38.12% of total gentic effects. Among all of interaction effects, the cytoplasm interaction effects were the largest for desulfo-4-hydroxyglucobrassicin, while other glucosinolate components were mainly dominated by embryo interaction and cytoplasm interaction effects. The general heritabilities were the main parts of five glucosinolate components, but the interaction was low. Embryo heritabilities were the main components for desulfoprogoitrin and desulfogluconapin contents with the percentage of 71.61% and 53.76%, cytoplasm heritabilities were the main components for desulfo-4-hydroxyglucobrassicin and desulfogluconasturtin contents with the percentage of 68.21% and 68.47%, while embryo and cytoplasm heritabilities were the main components for desulfoglucobrassicanapin with the percentage of 47.81% and 36.24% in the general heritability. It was shown that cytoplasm interaction heritabilities were more important among five glucosinolate components. Based on the parent genetic effects predicated, D3AB and D21R were better than other parents for effectively reducing desulfoprogoitrin, desulfogluconapin and improving the quality of rapeseed.
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