以夏播区高产绿豆品种(系)冀绿2号、安9910和低产品种(系)赤峰绿豆、泰来绿豆为材料，对其衰老过程中开花节功能叶片的光合参数变化进行了研究。结果表明，绿豆开花后，随着叶片的衰老，各功能叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量逐渐下降，叶质重表现出降低—增大—降低的变化趋势，同一时期不同开花节叶片的光合性能自上而下逐渐降低。不同品种间存在显著差异，冀绿2号和安9910叶片功能期长，叶绿素和可溶性蛋白质降解较慢，生育后期仍具有相对较高的光合性能，这为其积累较多的光合产物提供了生理基础。进一步分析表明，绿豆产量与花后开花节叶片的平均净光合速率呈极显著正相关，叶片净光合速率又与叶绿素、可溶性蛋白质含量呈极显著正相关。综合分析表明，在绿豆开花结荚期间，保持较高的叶绿素含量和功能叶片的光合生产能力，延缓叶片衰老，对籽粒产量形成具有重要作用。
Photosynthesis is closely related to crop growth and yield, and higher photosynthetic rate of leaves is one of the important factors for high crop yield. The study explored the changes of photosynthetic indexes of the leaves at different flowering nodes in high-yield mung bean varieties Jilü 2 and An 9910, and low-yield varieties Chifeng and Tailai adopted in the summer planting region，thus to clarify the physiological characteristics affecting seeds yield and photosynthetic performance of the leaf in mung bean at the late growth stage. The results showed that after flowering, the leaves gradually aged, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomata conductance (Gs), chlorophyll and soluable protein contents of its functional leaves gradually declined, but the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) of the leaves tended to rise, specific leaf weight tended to decline-rise-decline. The photosynthetic capacities of the leaves appeared to decline from the upper nodes to the lower nodes. Compared with low-yield varieties, the leaves of Jilü 2 and An 9910 had a longer functional period, declining slowly in chlorophyll and soluable protein contents and maintaining higher photosynthetic capacity at the late growth stage, which provided a good physiological foundation for higher amount of accumulated photosynthates . Further analysis indicated, there were significant positive correlations between seed yield and average net photosynthetic rates of leaves at flowering nodes(r = 0.999), and between net photosynthetic rate and the contents of chlorophyll and soluble protein at the late growth stage. In summary, at the crucial stage of yield formation, maintaining higher chlorophyll content and photosynthetic capacity of functional leaves, and delaying leaf aging have important action for increasing crop yield.
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