以糯玉米10个自交系为材料应用p+q+2pq交配设计组配了50个杂种，研究了淀粉RVA的7个黏度性状的杂种优势表现，结果表明，（1）淀粉RVA各性状均存在广泛的变异，其中以回落值的变异最大，最高的杂种达249 cP，最低的仅为122.33 cP；变异最小的是糊化温度，最高的为79.5℃，最低的为76.92℃；（2）所有性状之间的差异均杂种大于亲本，且峰值黏度、沉降值、回落值3个性状杂种平均数高于亲本；（3）沉降值存在显著的超中亲优势，峰值黏度和回落值仅存在极显著的超低亲优势，而谷值黏度、终值黏度、糊化温度和糊化时间均无杂种优势；（4）杂种与双亲淀粉RVA黏度性状之间的关系因性状而异，其中在峰值黏度、谷值黏度、沉降值、回落值四个性状上，杂种与母本、中亲值RVA参数均达到了极显著的正相关，而其余三个性状则因组合的不同而异，相关关系未达显著水平。
Ten waxy corn inbreds and their fifty hybrids by p+q+2pq genetic design were used to investigate the heterosis of starch RVA viscosity. The results showed: (1) all the RVA characteristics of the fifty hybrids had a wide genetic variations, among which Setback(SB) was the largest, ranged from 122.33 cP to 249 cP, Pasting Temperature(PTP) was the smallest, ranged from 76.92℃ to 79.5℃; (2) the differences of all the RVA pasting properties of hybrids were higher than those of the parents, and the means of the peak viscosity(PV), breakdown(BD), SB of all the hybrids were higher than those of the parents; (3) over-MP heterosis was found in BD, over-LP heterosis in PV and SB, no heterosis was found in Trough Viscosity(TV), Final Viscosity(FV), Peak time (PT) and PTP;（4） PV, TV, BD and SB of the hybrids were significantly correlated with those of their female parents and mid-value of parents, while FV, PT and PTP were not.
全 文 ：