In this paper, the comparative studies on the effects of triazine herbicide Atrazine on seedlings growth, contents of chlorophyll and soluble protein, chromosome structure of root meristem, protein compositions of root meristems and chloroplast have been made in Oryza sativa. The seedlings growth was obviously reduced from (10.8±1.7) cm (control) to (8.2±0.7) cm, chlorophyll contents were decreased from (1.07±0.013) mg/g FW(control) to (0.97±0.013) mg/g FW, and soluble protein contents were decreased from 40.4 mg/g FW (control) to 29.3 mg/g FW when seedlings were treated with 0.1 mg/L Atrazine for 7 days. 0.68% cells with chromosome condensation and 0.86 % cells with micronuclei were revealed in root meristems when the root meristems were treated with 0.01 mg/L Atrazine. The frequency of chromosome condensation and micronuclei formation were increased with the increase of Atrazine concentration from 0.001 mg/L to 10 mg/L（Table 4）. In 2D SDS-PAGE, 2 new protein spots were induced and 8 protein spots were lost in root meristems, 1 protein spots was lost and contents of 3 protein spots were decreased in the chloroplast when seedlings were treated with 0.1 mg/L Atrazine. The threshold concentration obviously affected seedling growth, contents of chlorophyll and soluble protein, protein compositions of root meristems and chloroplast was 0.1 mg/L. The threshold concentration induced the chromosome condensation and micronuclei formation was 0.001 mg/L.
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