以2002—2005年中国长江中游地区田间试验为基础，结合相关文献资料，借鉴R/WCSODS思路，建立油菜生长发育模拟模型，包括油菜发育期、叶龄、干物质、叶面积及分枝数动态模型，并确定参数、检验与验证。例如，中双9号与中油杂2号在武汉和芜湖生育期观察值与模拟值平均绝对误差－0.9～－0.3 d，相关系数0.9996～0.9997，差值标准误2.2～2.3 d，最大绝对误差4 d。干物质与叶面积指数实测值与模拟值平均绝对误差分别为7.3 g·m-2和－0.1043，差值标准误分别为59.13 g·m-2和0.1506，相关系数分别为0.9916和0.9583，最大绝对误差分别为98.8 g·m-2和－0.27。油菜发育期和叶龄模型以温、光为主要驱动因子，油菜生长发育全过程划分为播种至出苗、出苗至抽薹、抽薹至初花以及初花至成熟4个生育阶段，精度较高，适用性好，通用性强，更符合管理要求且易掌握；春化模型同时考虑冬性、半冬性及春性品种，更为全面；油菜群体动态模拟模型初步考虑了绿色茎与角果光合；讨论了油菜模拟优化决策系统的结构与功能。
Agricultural model is one of core technology for digital agriculture, and crop simulation model is an important content in agriculture model. The aim of simulation model of rape growth and development (SMRGD) was to develop Rape Cultivation Simulation-Optimization-Decision Making System(Rape-CSODS) , to design its planting , to regulate and control its growth and development, and to fulfill its high yield, good quality, high benefits and standard production eventually. The SMRGD were developed based on field experiments with 2 cultivars, 6 sowing dates and 3 sites from 2002 to 2005 in middle valley of Yangtze river in China and relative data from references of rape researches, employed ideas of R/WCSODS (Rice/Wheat Cultivation Simulation-Optimization-Decision Making System), which included phenology, leaf age, biomass, leaf area index (LAI), and shoot and ramification number dynamics models, in the same time, the SMRGD and its parameters were also assessed, calibrated and tested. The average absolute deviation(de), correlation coefficients(r) and the standard errors of their absolute deviation(Sde) of the observed and simulated values for growth period duration of two cultivars in Wuhan and Wuhu were －0.9 to －0.3 d, with the correlation coefficient from 0.9996 to 0.9997 and 2.2 to 2.3 d, respectively, the most absolute deviation was 4 d. The de, Sde, r and the most absolute deviation of dry matter weight and LAI for “Zhongshuang 9” in Wuhan between the observed and simulated values were 7.3 g·m-2 and －0.1043, 59.13 g·m-2 and 0.1506, with the correlation coefficients 0.9916 and 0.9863, and 98.8 g·m-2 and －0.27, respectively, 1:1 line of them was in Fig.2 to 4. Temperature and light were main driving factors in the models of phenology and leaf age for rape, a life cycle of rape was divided into 4 development phases including from sowing to emergence, from emergence to enlongation, from enlongation to early anthesis, and from early anthesis to maturity, which made the model higher precision, good adaptability, wide usability, easy to master and suitable to use in management of rape production. The vernalization models for rape could be use in winter, semi-winter and spring rape varieties. The photosynthesis of green stem and pods were taken account simply in the population dynamic models for rape. The structure and functions of Rape-CSODS also were discussed in this study.
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