Abstract:Based on case studies in Xishuangbanna and Gaoligong Mountains, this paper proposed methodology of household -based agrobiodiversity assessment (HH/ABA) , a set of fundamental principles and practical guidelines for the collection of core agrobiodiversity data, such as the selection of sampling households and sampling plots. Instructions for analyzing data are also pro-vided, such as disparity and similarity analysis among different households, household - species curve analysis that similar to area - species curve, as well as analysis of management diversity. At last the author suggests the application of the result of household - based agrobiodiversity assessment, as well as approaches of in- situ conservation of agrobiodiversity.