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期 刊 ：植物遗传资源学报 2014年 15卷 6期

关键词：黑龙江省春小麦；春化基因；光周期基因；

Keywords:Spring wheat in Heilongjiang Province, Vernalization gene, Photoperiod gene,

摘 要 ：本研究选取黑龙江省小麦品种126份，对其春化和光周期基因型及农艺性状进行研究。结果表明，春化和光周期基因位点显性等位变异组合在黑龙江省小麦中分布频率明显不同。含有显性基因组合Vrn-A1/Vrn-D1的分布频率最高，为26.2%，其次是显性基因Vrn-A1/Vrn-B1和Vrn-A1/Vrn-B1/Vrn-D1，分布频率分别为23.8%和23.0%，最低的是Vrn-B1基因，分布频率为0.8%，Vrn-B3位点在黑龙江小麦中不存在显性等位变异。光周期基因Ppd-D1位点的检测结果表明，53个小麦品种携带有Ppd-D1a基因型，表明光钝型小麦占42%，73个品种携带Ppd-D1b基因型，表明光敏型小麦占58%。结合田间性状调查分析春化和光周期基因对农艺性状的影响，发现在黑龙江省小麦品种中，光周期基因型对小麦的抽穗期有影响，Ppd-D1a的抽穗期比Ppd-D1b的抽穗期提前1-5天；其匍匐型与春化基因显隐性没有相关性。

Abstract:In order to study vernalization gene and photoperiod gene influence on agronomic traits, in this study, 126 wheat varieties of Heilongjiang province was selected. The results showed that vernalization and photoperiod allelic loci dominant mutation frequency was significantly different from the distribution of wheat in Heilongjiang Province. Combination of vernalization and Photoperiod gene Vrn-A1/Vrn-D1 is most, accounting for 26.2%，then followed by Vrn-A1/Vrn-B1 and Vrn-A1/Vrn-B1/Vrn-D1, accounting for 23.8% and 23.0%, Vrn-B1 gene is minimal, accounting for 0.8%.In vrn-B3 site, All of 126 wheat varieties have recessive gene vrn-B3. Photoperiod gene Ppd-D1 was detected,53 varieties contain allelic gene ppd-D1a, accounting for 42%, 73 varieties contain allelic gene ppd-D1b, accounting for 58%. The effect of vernalization and photoperiod gene on agronomic Traits was analysed, found that Stolon Characteristicand vernalization gene are uncorrelated, wheat which contain Ppd-D1a gene heading early than wheat contain Ppd-D1b gene 1-5 days.

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