Abstract:Abstract Anogeissus acuminata (Roxb. ex DC. ) Guill. et Perr. var. lanceolata Wall. ex Clarke is a newly recorded plant in China. It is found in the narrow valley region of the middle reaches of Mekong river centered by Xiao Ganlanba in Simao county, Yunnan province, and is characterized by fast-growing and tolerating of hot and drought. Its wood is quite strong and tough. Moreover, its leaf and bark are rich in tannin. This paper deals with the ecological habits, regulation of growth, natural regeneration, seed characteristics and growth speed under cultivating condition of this tree species. The wood structure, properties and uses are discussed in this paper. Experiments show the following data; air dry density 0.896 g/cm3, the sum of compressive strength parallel to grain and static bending strength 1775 kgf/cm2, the modulus of static bending elasticity 203000 kgf/cm2, impact resistance 1.385 kgf • m/cm2. This kind of timber can be used for building and vehicle construction materials, making farm implement, gymnestic equipment and parts of arms. It is deep-rootedness and adapts to dry climate condition, and is a prospective tree species for afforestation in hot and dry region or for tannin and fuelwood plantation. However, this species is threatened seriously in its habitat. Suggestions for efficient protection and reasonable exploitation of the valuable natural resources are made in this paper as well.