Abstract:The study had analysed the Shannon-Weaver and Simpson of phenotypic traits including plant type, presence or absence of hair, grain color, grain shape , leaf shape, habit of growth, flowering habit, particle size, particle color on 75 peanut cultivars（28 identified cultivars and 47 local cultivars）from Institute of Industrial Crops, Shanxi Academy of Agricultral Science . Results showed that genetic diversity index of 75 peanut cultivars were SWI = 0.924,SI = 0.500 respectively, flowering habit was the lowest (SWI= 0.139, SI = 0.014), while Shannon-Weaver of grain color was 1.841 that was the highest, and Simpson was 0.712 .
Then 48 pairs SSR markers of peanut were used to analyse genetic diversity of the tested materials, the results were as follows:(1)35 out of 48 pairs SSR markers (72.9%) were polymorphic, and 215 polymorphic bands had been detected, 6 polymorphic bands could be detected by each marker averagely.(2) Based on the results of SSR, indicated that the genetic similarity (GS) among 75 peanut cultivars were in a range of 0.25～0.85, with the mean of 0.55, and the average genetic similarity among the 28 identified cultivars were 0.6 with a range of 0.39～0.85 .