Abstract:The morphological characters of stem, leaves, flower, siliques and seeds of Ili wild black mustard have been studied. They are just alike that of original description of Brassica nigra (L. ) Koch. The results of cytogenceic survey shows h = 8, 2n = 16, self-incompatibility. The authors affirmed that the Ili wild black mutrad is Brassica nigra (L.) Koch.